diff --git a/AMO_RELEASE_NOTES.md b/AMO_RELEASE_NOTES.md
index 8e40c31..3ddc77c 100644
--- a/AMO_RELEASE_NOTES.md
+++ b/AMO_RELEASE_NOTES.md
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-# Return YouTube Dislike 4.0.6
+# Return YouTube Dislike 4.1.0
 
 What's new since 3.0.0.18:
 
+- **RYD comments:** read and react to discussions under videos and Shorts. Commenter and Premium members can post and reply, with notifications for replies and reactions.
+- **Firefox consent and translations:** updated permission controls and new translations.
 - **YouTube Shorts support:** see dislike counts and vote on Shorts, with fixes for switching between videos and keeping the buttons in sync.
 - **More reliable counts and voting:** fixes for the latest YouTube layouts, stale counts after navigation, and votes that failed to submit.
 - **Premium statistics:** explore likes and dislikes over time, compare activity by country, and browse interactive world and US maps.
diff --git a/Extensions/UserScript/e2e/fixtures/navigation-page.html b/Extensions/UserScript/e2e/fixtures/navigation-page.html
index 8d9bef7..97011fd 100644
--- a/Extensions/UserScript/e2e/fixtures/navigation-page.html
+++ b/Extensions/UserScript/e2e/fixtures/navigation-page.html
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@
               const button = control?.querySelector("button");
               if (control && button) {
                 control.setAttribute("data-fixture-native-hydration-pending", role);
-                delayedNativeButtons.push({ button, control });
+                delayedNativeButtons.push({ button, control, parent: button.parentElement });
                 button.remove();
               }
             }
@@ -772,9 +772,15 @@
           }
           if (delayedNativeButtons.length > 0) {
             setTimeout(() => {
-              for (const { button, control } of delayedNativeButtons) {
-                if (replacement.isConnected && control.isConnected && !control.querySelector("button")) {
-                  control.appendChild(button);
+              for (const { button, control, parent } of delayedNativeButtons) {
+                if (
+                  replacement.isConnected &&
+                  control.isConnected &&
+                  parent.isConnected &&
+                  control.contains(parent) &&
+                  !control.querySelector("button")
+                ) {
+                  parent.appendChild(button);
                   control.removeAttribute("data-fixture-native-hydration-pending");
                 }
               }
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/consent.js b/Extensions/combined/consent.js
index 0021c64..fb5b864 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/consent.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/consent.js
@@ -1,11 +1,24 @@
 import { consentApi, hasCoreDataPermission, requestCoreDataPermission } from "./src/core-data-consent";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./src/private-browsing";
 
 const continueButton = document.getElementById("consent-continue");
 const declineButton = document.getElementById("consent-decline");
 const status = document.getElementById("consent-status");
-const canRequestPermissions = typeof consentApi()?.permissions?.request === "function";
+const privateBrowsing = isPrivateBrowsingContext();
+const privateSetupInstruction = "Enable RYD in a normal Firefox window to load counts here.";
+const canRequestPermissions = !privateBrowsing && typeof consentApi()?.permissions?.request === "function";
 
-if (!canRequestPermissions) {
+if (privateBrowsing) {
+  const main = document.querySelector("main");
+  const message = document.createElement("p");
+  message.textContent =
+    "Counts only in private windows. Voting, sign-in, premium analytics and discussions are unavailable here.";
+  const instruction = document.getElementById("consent-next-step");
+  instruction.textContent = privateSetupInstruction;
+  const actions = document.getElementById("consent-actions");
+  actions.replaceChildren(declineButton);
+  main.replaceChildren(main.querySelector("img"), main.querySelector("h1"), message, instruction, actions, status);
+} else if (!canRequestPermissions) {
   document.getElementById("consent-next-step").textContent =
     "Continue opens RYD's permission page. Firefox will only ask after you select Allow in Firefox there. " +
     "If you decline, RYD will not load counts or submit votes. YouTube's own buttons will still work.";
@@ -27,50 +40,56 @@ function notifyParent(type) {
 }
 
 async function dismiss() {
-  try {
-    await consentApi().storage.local.set({ rydConsentDismissed: true });
-  } catch (_) {}
-  status.textContent = "RYD is paused. You can enable it here whenever you're ready.";
+  if (!privateBrowsing) {
+    try {
+      await consentApi().storage.local.set({ rydConsentDismissed: true });
+    } catch (_) {}
+  }
+  status.textContent = privateBrowsing
+    ? privateSetupInstruction
+    : "RYD is paused. You can enable it here whenever you're ready.";
   notifyParent("ryd-consent-dismissed");
 }
 
-continueButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
-  if (!canRequestPermissions) {
-    continueButton.disabled = true;
-    void consentApi()
-      .runtime.sendMessage({ message: "ryd_open_consent" })
-      .then(
-        (response) => {
-          continueButton.disabled = false;
-          status.textContent = response?.success
-            ? "Finish enabling RYD in the permission page."
-            : "Open the RYD extension menu to review permissions.";
-        },
-        () => {
-          continueButton.disabled = false;
-          status.textContent = "Open the RYD extension menu to review permissions.";
-        },
-      );
-    return;
-  }
-  notifyParent("ryd-consent-requested");
-  const request = requestCoreDataPermission();
-  continueButton.disabled = true;
-  declineButton.disabled = true;
-  status.textContent = "Choose whether to allow the permissions in Firefox.";
-  void request.then(async (granted) => {
-    if (granted && (await hasCoreDataPermission())) {
-      try {
-        await consentApi().storage.local.remove("rydConsentDismissed");
-      } catch (_) {}
-      document.getElementById("consent-actions").hidden = true;
-      status.textContent = "RYD is enabled. You can return to YouTube.";
-      notifyParent("ryd-consent-granted");
-    } else {
-      await dismiss();
-      continueButton.disabled = false;
-      declineButton.disabled = false;
+if (!privateBrowsing) {
+  continueButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
+    if (!canRequestPermissions) {
+      continueButton.disabled = true;
+      void consentApi()
+        .runtime.sendMessage({ message: "ryd_open_consent" })
+        .then(
+          (response) => {
+            continueButton.disabled = false;
+            status.textContent = response?.success
+              ? "Finish enabling RYD in the permission page."
+              : "Open the RYD extension menu to review permissions.";
+          },
+          () => {
+            continueButton.disabled = false;
+            status.textContent = "Open the RYD extension menu to review permissions.";
+          },
+        );
+      return;
     }
+    notifyParent("ryd-consent-requested");
+    const request = requestCoreDataPermission();
+    continueButton.disabled = true;
+    declineButton.disabled = true;
+    status.textContent = "Choose whether to allow the permissions in Firefox.";
+    void request.then(async (granted) => {
+      if (granted && (await hasCoreDataPermission())) {
+        try {
+          await consentApi().storage.local.remove("rydConsentDismissed");
+        } catch (_) {}
+        document.getElementById("consent-actions").hidden = true;
+        status.textContent = "RYD is enabled. You can return to YouTube.";
+        notifyParent("ryd-consent-granted");
+      } else {
+        await dismiss();
+        continueButton.disabled = false;
+        declineButton.disabled = false;
+      }
+    });
   });
-});
+}
 declineButton.addEventListener("click", dismiss);
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/consent.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/consent.spec.js
index 39ca892..ed56c4a 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/consent.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/consent.spec.js
@@ -6,21 +6,32 @@ jest.mock("./src/core-data-consent", () => ({
   requestCoreDataPermission: jest.fn(),
   consentApi: jest.fn(),
 }));
+jest.mock("./src/private-browsing", () => ({ isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn() }));
 const flush = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
 
 describe("Firefox consent explainer", () => {
   let permission;
   let local;
-  beforeEach(() => {
+  let sendMessage;
+  function openExplainer({ privateBrowsing = false, canRequest = true } = {}) {
     jest.resetModules();
     document.documentElement.innerHTML = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "consent.html"), "utf8");
     permission = require("./src/core-data-consent");
-    local = { set: jest.fn(async () => {}), remove: jest.fn(async () => {}) };
-    permission.consentApi.mockReturnValue({ storage: { local }, permissions: { request: jest.fn() } });
+    require("./src/private-browsing").isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(privateBrowsing);
+    local = { get: jest.fn(), set: jest.fn(async () => {}), remove: jest.fn(async () => {}) };
+    sendMessage = jest.fn(async () => ({ success: true }));
+    permission.consentApi.mockReturnValue({
+      storage: { local },
+      runtime: { sendMessage },
+      ...(canRequest ? { permissions: { request: jest.fn() } } : {}),
+    });
     permission.hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(false);
     permission.requestCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(false);
+    const continueButton = document.getElementById("consent-continue");
     require("./consent");
-  });
+    return continueButton;
+  }
+  beforeEach(() => openExplainer());
 
   test("opening the explainer and selecting Not now request no permissions", async () => {
     expect(document.querySelector("main").textContent).toMatch(/random ID/);
@@ -50,16 +61,40 @@ describe("Firefox consent explainer", () => {
   });
 
   test("a page-embedded explainer opens the extension consent page without requesting permissions", async () => {
-    jest.resetModules();
-    document.documentElement.innerHTML = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "consent.html"), "utf8");
-    permission = require("./src/core-data-consent");
-    const sendMessage = jest.fn(async () => ({ success: true }));
-    permission.consentApi.mockReturnValue({ storage: { local }, runtime: { sendMessage } });
-    require("./consent");
+    openExplainer({ canRequest: false });
     document.getElementById("consent-continue").click();
     await flush();
     expect(sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ message: "ryd_open_consent" });
     expect(permission.requestCoreDataPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     expect(document.getElementById("consent-next-step").textContent).toMatch(/permission page/);
   });
+
+  test.each([true, false])(
+    "private setup stays local without requesting permissions or opening a normal page when request API availability is %s",
+    async (canRequest) => {
+      const continueButton = openExplainer({ privateBrowsing: true, canRequest });
+      expect(document.getElementById("consent-next-step").textContent).toBe(
+        "Enable RYD in a normal Firefox window to load counts here.",
+      );
+      expect(document.querySelector("main").textContent).toContain(
+        "Counts only in private windows. Voting, sign-in, premium analytics and discussions are unavailable here.",
+      );
+      expect(document.querySelector("main").textContent).not.toMatch(/random ID|Allow in Firefox|Continue/);
+      expect(document.getElementById("consent-continue")).toBeNull();
+      continueButton.click();
+      document.getElementById("consent-decline").click();
+      await flush();
+
+      expect(permission.consentApi).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(permission.hasCoreDataPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(permission.requestCoreDataPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(local.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(local.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(local.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(document.getElementById("consent-status").textContent).toBe(
+        "Enable RYD in a normal Firefox window to load counts here.",
+      );
+    },
+  );
 });
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/content-style.css b/Extensions/combined/content-style.css
index fdb57ec..8db4b48 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/content-style.css
+++ b/Extensions/combined/content-style.css
@@ -903,13 +903,33 @@ ytd-menu-renderer.ytd-watch-metadata {
   color: var(--yt-spec-call-to-action, #3ea6ff);
 }
 
+.ryd-premium-analytics,
+.ryd-premium-tier-notice {
+  --ryd-analytics-bg: var(--yt-spec-base-background, #fff);
+  --ryd-analytics-fg: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #0f0f0f);
+  --ryd-analytics-muted: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #606060);
+  --ryd-analytics-border: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
+  --ryd-analytics-surface: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
+  --ryd-analytics-row: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
+}
+
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-premium-analytics,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-premium-tier-notice {
+  --ryd-analytics-bg: var(--yt-spec-base-background, #202020);
+  --ryd-analytics-fg: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #fff);
+  --ryd-analytics-muted: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbb);
+  --ryd-analytics-border: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+  --ryd-analytics-surface: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
+  --ryd-analytics-row: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03);
+}
+
 .ryd-premium-analytics {
-  background: var(--yt-spec-base-background, #202020);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+  background: var(--ryd-analytics-bg);
+  border: 1px solid var(--ryd-analytics-border);
   border-radius: 16px;
   padding: 16px;
   margin-bottom: 16px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-fg);
   box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
   font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
   position: relative;
@@ -996,12 +1016,12 @@ html[dark] .ryd-premium-teaser {
 }
 
 .ryd-premium-tier-notice {
-  background: var(--yt-spec-base-background, #202020);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+  background: var(--ryd-analytics-bg);
+  border: 1px solid var(--ryd-analytics-border);
   border-radius: 16px;
   padding: 20px;
   margin-bottom: 16px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-fg);
   box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
   font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
   display: flex;
@@ -1026,7 +1046,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-premium-teaser {
 .ryd-premium-tier-notice__message {
   margin: 0;
   font-size: 13px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bcccdc);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
   line-height: 1.5;
 }
 
@@ -1282,6 +1302,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-premium-teaser__toggle:focus-visible {
 
 .ryd-analytics__controls {
   display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
   gap: 12px;
   align-items: center;
   flex: 1 1 auto;
@@ -1329,30 +1350,30 @@ html[dark] .ryd-premium-teaser__toggle:focus-visible {
   color: #0f172a;
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__ranges,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__modes,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-toggle {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__ranges,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__modes,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__window-toggle {
   background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
   border: none;
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__ranges button,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__modes button,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__ranges button,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__modes button,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button {
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__ranges button.is-active,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__modes button.is-active,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button.is-active {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__ranges button.is-active,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__modes button.is-active,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button.is-active {
   background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
   box-shadow: none;
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__ranges button:hover,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__modes button:hover,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button:hover {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__ranges button:hover,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__modes button:hover,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button:hover {
   background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
 }
@@ -1375,11 +1396,11 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-toggle button:hover {
   color: #4b5563;
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-label {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__window-label {
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-hint {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__window-hint {
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #a3a3a3);
 }
 
@@ -1390,7 +1411,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-hint {
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__section {
-  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
+  background: var(--ryd-analytics-surface);
   border-radius: 16px;
   padding: 12px;
   display: flex;
@@ -1439,14 +1460,14 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__window-hint {
   box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.4);
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__section-expand {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__section-expand {
   border: none;
   background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #cbd5f5);
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__section-expand.is-active,
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__section-expand:hover {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__section-expand.is-active,
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__section-expand:hover {
   background: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.25);
   color: #f8fafc;
   box-shadow: none;
@@ -1471,7 +1492,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__section-expand:hover {
 
 .ryd-analytics__bucket-label {
   font-size: 12px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__chart {
@@ -1494,7 +1515,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__section-expand:hover {
 
 .ryd-analytics__map-label {
   font-size: 12px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__map-reset {
@@ -1517,12 +1538,12 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__section-expand:hover {
   box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.35);
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__map-reset {
   background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
 }
 
-html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
+html[dark]:not([dark="false"]):not([light]) .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
   background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
   color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
 }
@@ -1544,7 +1565,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
   margin: 0 0 6px;
   font-size: 13px;
   font-weight: 600;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__list-items {
@@ -1561,8 +1582,8 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
   justify-content: space-between;
   align-items: center;
   font-size: 12px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #ffffff);
-  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-fg);
+  background: var(--ryd-analytics-row);
   border-radius: 6px;
   padding: 6px 8px;
 }
@@ -1580,7 +1601,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__placeholder {
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
   font-style: italic;
   background: transparent !important;
   justify-content: flex-start !important;
@@ -1588,7 +1609,7 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
 
 .ryd-analytics__footer {
   font-size: 12px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__totals {
@@ -1617,21 +1638,21 @@ html[dark] .ryd-analytics__map-reset:hover {
   letter-spacing: 0.08em;
   font-weight: 600;
   font-size: 10px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__totals-value {
   font-weight: 600;
   font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-primary, #f1f1f1);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-fg);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__period-label {
   font-size: 11px;
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
 }
 
 .ryd-analytics__summary-meta {
-  color: var(--yt-spec-text-secondary, #bbbbbb);
+  color: var(--ryd-analytics-muted);
   line-height: 1.4;
 }
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/manifest-firefox.json b/Extensions/combined/manifest-firefox.json
index 492b248..19081a0 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/manifest-firefox.json
+++ b/Extensions/combined/manifest-firefox.json
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
   "default_locale": "en",
   "version": "__RYD_VERSION__",
   "manifest_version": 2,
-  "incognito": "not_allowed",
+  "incognito": "spanning",
   "background": {
     "scripts": ["ryd.background.js"]
   },
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup-context.js b/Extensions/combined/popup-context.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90cb04b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup-context.js
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(() => {
+  if (location.protocol !== "moz-extension:") return;
+  // Prepare a distinct document URL before the first extension API access.
+  // Firefox uses that initial URL when identifying popup message senders.
+  const url = new URL(location.href);
+  url.searchParams.set("rydContext", crypto.randomUUID());
+  history.replaceState(null, "", url.href);
+})();
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup-context.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/popup-context.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78a1b36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup-context.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const path = require("node:path");
+const vm = require("node:vm");
+
+test("Firefox popup establishes its document identity before touching extension APIs", () => {
+  const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "popup-context.js"), "utf8");
+  const context = {
+    location: { protocol: "moz-extension:", href: "moz-extension://fixture/popup.html?existing=1#details" },
+    URL,
+    crypto: { randomUUID: () => "synthetic-context" },
+    history: { replaceState: jest.fn() },
+  };
+  for (const api of ["browser", "chrome"]) {
+    Object.defineProperty(context, api, {
+      get() {
+        throw new Error("Extension context initialized too soon");
+      },
+    });
+  }
+  vm.runInNewContext(source, context);
+  expect(context.history.replaceState).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    null,
+    "",
+    "moz-extension://fixture/popup.html?existing=1&rydContext=synthetic-context#details",
+  );
+  const html = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "popup.html"), "utf8");
+  expect(html.match(/<script\b[^>]*src="([^"]+)"/)[1]).toBe("popup-context.js");
+});
+
+test.each(["chrome-extension:", "safari-web-extension:"])("%s popup URLs remain unchanged", (protocol) => {
+  const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "popup-context.js"), "utf8");
+  const history = { replaceState: jest.fn() };
+  vm.runInNewContext(source, { location: { protocol }, history });
+  expect(history.replaceState).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup-locale.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/popup-locale.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4ad7d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup-locale.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/** @jest-environment jsdom */
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const path = require("node:path");
+
+jest.mock("./src/consent-prompt", () => ({ waitForCoreDataConsent: () => new Promise(() => {}) }));
+jest.mock("./src/core-data-consent", () => ({ onCoreDataPermissionChanged: jest.fn() }));
+
+describe("popup locale direction", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.resetModules();
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dir");
+    document.documentElement.innerHTML = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "popup.html"), "utf8");
+    const messages = require("./_locales/en/messages.json");
+    global.chrome = {
+      i18n: { getMessage: jest.fn((key) => messages[key]?.message || "") },
+      runtime: { getManifest: () => ({ version: "1.0.0" }) },
+      storage: {
+        sync: { get: jest.fn(), set: jest.fn() },
+        onChanged: { addListener: jest.fn() },
+      },
+    };
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    delete global.chrome;
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dir");
+  });
+
+  test.each(["rtl", "ltr"])("uses %s locale direction while localizing the popup", (direction) => {
+    const getMessage = chrome.i18n.getMessage.getMockImplementation();
+    chrome.i18n.getMessage.mockImplementation((key) => (key === "@@bidi_dir" ? direction : getMessage(key)));
+
+    require("./popup");
+
+    expect(document.documentElement.dir).toBe(direction);
+    expect(document.querySelector("h1").textContent).toBe("Return YouTube Dislike");
+    expect(document.documentElement.innerHTML).not.toContain("__MSG_");
+  });
+
+  test.each(["", "auto"])("preserves existing direction when locale metadata is %j", (direction) => {
+    document.documentElement.dir = "rtl";
+    chrome.i18n.getMessage.mockImplementation((key) => (key === "@@bidi_dir" ? direction : ""));
+
+    require("./popup");
+
+    expect(document.documentElement.dir).toBe("rtl");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup-private.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/popup-private.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc817e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup-private.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/** @jest-environment jsdom */
+const fs = require("fs");
+const path = require("path");
+
+jest.mock("./src/consent-prompt", () => ({ waitForCoreDataConsent: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve()) }));
+jest.mock("./src/core-data-consent", () => ({
+  fetchWithCoreConsent: jest.fn(),
+  onCoreDataPermissionChanged: jest.fn(),
+}));
+jest.mock("./src/discussion/popup", () => ({ initDiscussionPopup: jest.fn() }));
+
+const flush = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
+const privateMessage =
+  "Counts only in private windows. Voting, sign-in, premium analytics and discussions are unavailable here.";
+
+describe("private popup", () => {
+  function openPopup({ privateBrowsing, firefox = true }) {
+    jest.resetModules();
+    const messages = require("./_locales/en/messages.json");
+    document.documentElement.innerHTML = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "popup.html"), "utf8");
+    global.chrome = {
+      extension: { inIncognitoContext: privateBrowsing },
+      i18n: { getMessage: (key) => messages[key]?.message || "" },
+      runtime: {
+        getManifest: () => (firefox ? require("./manifest-firefox.json") : { version: "1.0.0" }),
+        sendMessage: jest.fn(),
+      },
+      permissions: {
+        getAll: jest.fn(),
+        request: jest.fn(),
+        onRemoved: { addListener: jest.fn() },
+      },
+      tabs: { create: jest.fn() },
+      storage: {
+        sync: {
+          get: jest.fn((keys, callback) =>
+            callback({ numberDisplayFormat: "compactShort", hideClutterButtons: false }),
+          ),
+          set: jest.fn(),
+          remove: jest.fn(),
+        },
+        local: { get: jest.fn(), set: jest.fn(), remove: jest.fn() },
+        onChanged: { addListener: jest.fn() },
+      },
+    };
+    global.browser = global.chrome;
+    global.fetch = jest.fn();
+    require("./popup");
+  }
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    delete global.chrome;
+    delete global.browser;
+    delete global.fetch;
+  });
+
+  test("shows only branding and the approved count-only message without initializing shared state", async () => {
+    openPopup({ privateBrowsing: true });
+    await flush();
+
+    expect(document.getElementById("ryd-private-counts-message").textContent).toBe(privateMessage);
+    expect(document.querySelector("h1").textContent).toBe("Return YouTube Dislike");
+    expect(document.querySelectorAll("img")).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(document.querySelector("img").getAttribute("src")).toBe("icons/logo.svg");
+    expect(
+      document.querySelector("button, input, select, a, iframe, #patreon-section, #ryd-discussion-popup"),
+    ).toBeNull();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.local.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.local.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.local.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.onChanged.addListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.permissions.getAll).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.permissions.request).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.permissions.onRemoved.addListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.runtime.sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(require("./src/consent-prompt").waitForCoreDataConsent).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(require("./src/core-data-consent").onCoreDataPermissionChanged).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(require("./src/discussion/popup").initDiscussionPopup).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test.each([
+    ["a normal Firefox window", false, true],
+    ["a Chrome incognito window", true, false],
+  ])(
+    "preserves consent, account, discussion, links and settings initialization in %s",
+    async (_, privateBrowsing, firefox) => {
+      openPopup({ privateBrowsing, firefox });
+      await flush();
+
+      expect(document.getElementById("ryd-private-counts-message")).toBeNull();
+      expect(require("./src/consent-prompt").waitForCoreDataConsent).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ alwaysExplain: true });
+      expect(require("./src/discussion/popup").initDiscussionPopup).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(chrome.storage.sync.get).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        ["patreonUser", "patreonSessionToken"],
+        expect.any(Function),
+      );
+      expect(chrome.storage.onChanged.addListener).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+      document.getElementById("link_website").click();
+      expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      document.getElementById("disable_vote_submission").click();
+      expect(chrome.storage.sync.set).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ disableVoteSubmission: true });
+      document.getElementById("advancedToggle").click();
+      expect(document.getElementById("advancedSettings").style.pointerEvents).toBe("auto");
+    },
+  );
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup.css b/Extensions/combined/popup.css
index 3d72a96..b3c17f4 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/popup.css
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup.css
@@ -617,3 +617,25 @@ input:checked + .slider::before {
   flex-direction: column;
   align-items: center;
 }
+
+[dir="rtl"] .switch::before,
+[dir="rtl"] .label-with-hover-tip::before {
+  left: auto;
+  right: 0;
+}
+
+[dir="rtl"] .switchLabel {
+  margin-left: 0;
+  margin-right: 0.5rem;
+  transform: translateX(-35px);
+}
+
+[dir="rtl"] #advancedToggle {
+  right: auto;
+  left: 26px;
+}
+
+[dir="rtl"] .setting-help-popover {
+  right: auto;
+  left: 0;
+}
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup.html b/Extensions/combined/popup.html
index a350271..e570200 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/popup.html
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup.html
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
   <!---   HEADER   -->
   <head>
     <meta charset="utf-8" />
+    <script src="popup-context.js"></script>
     <title title="__MSG_extensionName__">__MSG_extensionName__</title>
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="popup.css" />
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="content-style.css" />
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup.js b/Extensions/combined/popup.js
index ac62e7f..77cfd26 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/popup.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup.js
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ import { config as appConfig, getApiUrl, getApiEndpoint } from "./src/config.js"
 import { getGitHubLoginErrorMessage } from "./src/github-login-error";
 import { initDiscussionPopup } from "./src/discussion/popup";
 import { waitForCoreDataConsent } from "./src/consent-prompt";
-import { fetchWithCoreConsent, onCoreDataPermissionChanged } from "./src/core-data-consent";
+import { onCoreDataPermissionChanged } from "./src/core-data-consent";
+import { fetchWithAccountConsent } from "./src/account-data-consent";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./src/private-browsing";
 import { DEFAULT_CUSTOM_COLORS, getThemeColor, normalizeCustomColors } from "../common/color-themes";
 import {
   hasAuthenticationDataPermission,
@@ -38,6 +40,8 @@ let customColorsReady = false;
 
 /*   Change language   */
 function localizeHtmlPage() {
+  const direction = chrome.i18n.getMessage("@@bidi_dir");
+  if (direction === "rtl" || direction === "ltr") document.documentElement.dir = direction;
   //Localize by replacing __MSG_***__ meta tags
   var objects = document.getElementsByTagName("html");
   for (var j = 0; j < objects.length; j++) {
@@ -55,20 +59,35 @@ function localizeHtmlPage() {
 }
 
 localizeHtmlPage();
-const coreConsentReady = waitForCoreDataConsent({ alwaysExplain: true });
-coreConsentReady.then(() => initDiscussionPopup());
-onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
-  if (!granted) void waitForCoreDataConsent({ alwaysExplain: true });
-});
+const privateBrowsing = isPrivateBrowsingContext();
+const coreConsentReady = privateBrowsing ? null : waitForCoreDataConsent({ alwaysExplain: true });
+if (privateBrowsing) {
+  const home = document.createElement("center");
+  const message = document.createElement("p");
+  message.id = "ryd-private-counts-message";
+  message.textContent =
+    "Counts only in private windows. Voting, sign-in, premium analytics and discussions are unavailable here.";
+  home.append(
+    document.querySelector("body > center > img").cloneNode(true),
+    document.querySelector("body > center > h1").cloneNode(true),
+    message,
+  );
+  document.body.replaceChildren(home);
+} else {
+  coreConsentReady.then(() => initDiscussionPopup());
+  onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
+    if (!granted) void waitForCoreDataConsent({ alwaysExplain: true });
+  });
 
-/*   Links   */
-createLink(config.links.website, "link_website");
-createLink(config.links.github, "link_github");
-createLink(config.links.discord, "link_discord");
-createLink(config.links.faq, "link_faq");
-createLink(config.links.donate, "link_donate");
-createLink(config.links.help, "link_help");
-createLink(config.links.changelog, "link_changelog");
+  /*   Links   */
+  createLink(config.links.website, "link_website");
+  createLink(config.links.github, "link_github");
+  createLink(config.links.discord, "link_discord");
+  createLink(config.links.faq, "link_faq");
+  createLink(config.links.donate, "link_donate");
+  createLink(config.links.help, "link_help");
+  createLink(config.links.changelog, "link_changelog");
+}
 
 function createLink(url, id) {
   document.getElementById(id).addEventListener("click", () => {
@@ -76,73 +95,75 @@ function createLink(url, id) {
   });
 }
 
-document.getElementById("disable_vote_submission").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ disableVoteSubmission: ev.target.checked });
-});
+if (!privateBrowsing) {
+  document.getElementById("disable_vote_submission").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ disableVoteSubmission: ev.target.checked });
+  });
 
-document.getElementById("disable_logging").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ disableLogging: ev.target.checked });
-});
+  document.getElementById("disable_logging").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ disableLogging: ev.target.checked });
+  });
 
-document.getElementById("colored_thumbs").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ coloredThumbs: ev.target.checked });
-});
+  document.getElementById("colored_thumbs").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ coloredThumbs: ev.target.checked });
+  });
 
-document.getElementById("colored_bar").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ coloredBar: ev.target.checked });
-});
+  document.getElementById("colored_bar").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ coloredBar: ev.target.checked });
+  });
 
-document.getElementById("color_theme").addEventListener("change", (ev) => {
-  colorThemeRevision++;
-  handleColorThemeChangeEvent(ev.target.value);
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ colorTheme: ev.target.value });
-});
+  document.getElementById("color_theme").addEventListener("change", (ev) => {
+    colorThemeRevision++;
+    handleColorThemeChangeEvent(ev.target.value);
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ colorTheme: ev.target.value });
+  });
 
-for (const mode of ["light", "dark"]) {
-  for (const vote of ["like", "dislike"]) {
-    const input = document.getElementById(`custom_color_${mode}_${vote}`);
-    input.addEventListener("input", () => {
-      if (!customColorsReady) return;
-      customColorsRevision++;
-      const colors = normalizeCustomColors(config.customColors);
-      colors[mode][vote] = input.value;
-      handleCustomColorsChangeEvent(colors);
-    });
-    input.addEventListener("change", () => {
-      if (!customColorsReady) return;
-      const colors = normalizeCustomColors(config.customColors);
-      colors[mode][vote] = input.value;
-      customColorsRevision++;
-      handleCustomColorsChangeEvent(colors);
-      chrome.storage.sync.set({ customColors: colors });
-    });
+  for (const mode of ["light", "dark"]) {
+    for (const vote of ["like", "dislike"]) {
+      const input = document.getElementById(`custom_color_${mode}_${vote}`);
+      input.addEventListener("input", () => {
+        if (!customColorsReady) return;
+        customColorsRevision++;
+        const colors = normalizeCustomColors(config.customColors);
+        colors[mode][vote] = input.value;
+        handleCustomColorsChangeEvent(colors);
+      });
+      input.addEventListener("change", () => {
+        if (!customColorsReady) return;
+        const colors = normalizeCustomColors(config.customColors);
+        colors[mode][vote] = input.value;
+        customColorsRevision++;
+        handleCustomColorsChangeEvent(colors);
+        chrome.storage.sync.set({ customColors: colors });
+      });
+    }
   }
+
+  document.getElementById("number_format").addEventListener("change", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ numberDisplayFormat: ev.target.value });
+  });
+
+  document.getElementById("show_tooltip_percentage").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ showTooltipPercentage: ev.target.checked });
+  });
+
+  document.getElementById("tooltip_percentage_mode").addEventListener("change", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ tooltipPercentageMode: ev.target.value });
+  });
+
+  document.getElementById("number_reformat_likes").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ numberDisplayReformatLikes: ev.target.checked });
+  });
+
+  document.getElementById("hide_premium_teaser").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ hidePremiumTeaser: ev.target.checked });
+  });
+
+  document.getElementById("hide_clutter_buttons").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
+    chrome.storage.sync.set({ hideClutterButtons: ev.target.checked });
+  });
 }
 
-document.getElementById("number_format").addEventListener("change", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ numberDisplayFormat: ev.target.value });
-});
-
-document.getElementById("show_tooltip_percentage").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ showTooltipPercentage: ev.target.checked });
-});
-
-document.getElementById("tooltip_percentage_mode").addEventListener("change", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ tooltipPercentageMode: ev.target.value });
-});
-
-document.getElementById("number_reformat_likes").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ numberDisplayReformatLikes: ev.target.checked });
-});
-
-document.getElementById("hide_premium_teaser").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ hidePremiumTeaser: ev.target.checked });
-});
-
-document.getElementById("hide_clutter_buttons").addEventListener("click", (ev) => {
-  chrome.storage.sync.set({ hideClutterButtons: ev.target.checked });
-});
-
 function initPatreonAuth() {
   const loggedOutView = document.getElementById("patreon-logged-out");
   const loggedInView = document.getElementById("patreon-logged-in");
@@ -252,7 +273,7 @@ function initPatreonAuth() {
         return { status: "consent_required" };
       }
 
-      const response = await fetchWithCoreConsent(getApiEndpoint("/api/auth/verify"), {
+      const response = await fetchWithAccountConsent(getApiEndpoint("/api/auth/verify"), {
         method: "POST",
         headers: {
           "Content-Type": "application/json",
@@ -479,6 +500,13 @@ function initPatreonAuth() {
     showLoggedOutView();
   });
 
+  onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
+    if (granted) return;
+    authenticationGeneration++;
+    chrome.storage.sync.remove(["patreonAuthenticated", "patreonUser", "patreonSessionToken"]);
+    showLoggedOutView();
+  });
+
   logoutBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
     authenticationGeneration++;
     showLoggedOutView();
@@ -487,28 +515,30 @@ function initPatreonAuth() {
   });
 }
 
-coreConsentReady.then(() => initPatreonAuth());
+if (!privateBrowsing) {
+  coreConsentReady.then(() => initPatreonAuth());
 
-/*   Advanced Toggle   */
-const advancedToggle = document.getElementById("advancedToggle");
-advancedToggle.addEventListener("click", () => {
-  const adv = document.getElementById("advancedSettings");
-  if (config.advanced) {
-    adv.style.transform = "scale(1.1)";
-    adv.style.pointerEvents = "none";
-    adv.style.opacity = "0";
-    advancedToggle.innerHTML = config.showAdvancedMessage;
-  } else {
-    adv.style.transform = "scale(1)";
-    adv.style.pointerEvents = "auto";
-    adv.style.opacity = "1";
-    advancedToggle.innerHTML = config.hideAdvancedMessage;
-  }
-  config.advanced = !config.advanced;
-});
+  /*   Advanced Toggle   */
+  const advancedToggle = document.getElementById("advancedToggle");
+  advancedToggle.addEventListener("click", () => {
+    const adv = document.getElementById("advancedSettings");
+    if (config.advanced) {
+      adv.style.transform = "scale(1.1)";
+      adv.style.pointerEvents = "none";
+      adv.style.opacity = "0";
+      advancedToggle.innerHTML = config.showAdvancedMessage;
+    } else {
+      adv.style.transform = "scale(1)";
+      adv.style.pointerEvents = "auto";
+      adv.style.opacity = "1";
+      advancedToggle.innerHTML = config.hideAdvancedMessage;
+    }
+    config.advanced = !config.advanced;
+  });
 
-chrome.storage.onChanged.addListener(storageChangeHandler);
-initConfig();
+  chrome.storage.onChanged.addListener(storageChangeHandler);
+  initConfig();
+}
 
 function initConfig() {
   initializeDisableVoteSubmission();
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/popup.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/popup.spec.js
index 15c8ea2..6aac2f0 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/popup.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/popup.spec.js
@@ -13,10 +13,18 @@ const cachedUser = { fullName: "Test User", imageUrl: "https://example.org/avata
 describe("popup account consent lifecycle", () => {
   let readCachedSession;
   let removeConsent;
+  let removeCoreConsent;
   let consent;
 
   beforeEach(async () => {
     jest.resetModules();
+    const permissionRemovedListeners = new Set();
+    const coreConsentListeners = new Set();
+    require("./src/core-data-consent").onCoreDataPermissionChanged.mockImplementation((listener) => {
+      coreConsentListeners.add(listener);
+      return () => coreConsentListeners.delete(listener);
+    });
+    removeCoreConsent = () => [...coreConsentListeners].forEach((listener) => listener(false));
     consent = true;
     document.documentElement.innerHTML = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, "popup.html"), "utf8");
     global.chrome = {
@@ -28,8 +36,13 @@ describe("popup account consent lifecycle", () => {
         request: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve(consent)),
         onRemoved: {
           addListener: (listener) => {
-            removeConsent = () => listener({ data_collection: ["authenticationInfo"] });
+            permissionRemovedListeners.add(listener);
+            removeConsent = () =>
+              [...permissionRemovedListeners].forEach((listener) =>
+                listener({ data_collection: ["authenticationInfo"] }),
+              );
           },
+          removeListener: (listener) => permissionRemovedListeners.delete(listener),
         },
       },
       identity: { getRedirectURL: jest.fn() },
@@ -135,6 +148,31 @@ describe("popup account consent lifecycle", () => {
     expectLoggedOut();
   });
 
+  test("does not restore an account when core consent is removed during the final account-permission query", async () => {
+    let resolvePermission;
+    fetch.mockResolvedValue({
+      json: async () => {
+        chrome.permissions.getAll.mockImplementationOnce(() => new Promise((resolve) => (resolvePermission = resolve)));
+        return { valid: true, membershipTier: "premium" };
+      },
+    });
+    readCachedSession({ patreonUser: cachedUser, patreonSessionToken: "test-token" });
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(typeof resolvePermission).toBe("function");
+
+    removeCoreConsent();
+    resolvePermission({ data_collection: ["authenticationInfo"] });
+    await flushPromises();
+
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.remove).toHaveBeenCalledWith([
+      "patreonAuthenticated",
+      "patreonUser",
+      "patreonSessionToken",
+    ]);
+    expectLoggedOut();
+  });
+
   test.each(["revocation", "logout"])(
     "does not restore an account or avatar from verification after %s",
     async (event) => {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/ryd.background-changelog.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/ryd.background-changelog.spec.js
index 6f24088..c55a188 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/ryd.background-changelog.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/ryd.background-changelog.spec.js
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 jest.mock("../common/vote-client", () => ({ createVoteClient: jest.fn() }));
+jest.mock("./src/core-data-consent", () => ({
+  hasCoreDataPermission: jest.fn(),
+  onCoreDataPermissionChanged: jest.fn(),
+  fetchWithCoreConsent: jest.fn(),
+}));
 jest.mock("./src/data-collection-permissions", () => ({
   hasAuthenticationDataPermission: jest.fn(),
   onAuthenticationDataPermissionRemoved: jest.fn(),
@@ -14,9 +19,11 @@ describe("background changelog lifecycle", () => {
   let startupListener;
   let stored;
 
-  beforeEach(() => {
+  beforeEach(async () => {
     jest.resetModules();
     stored = {};
+    require("./src/data-collection-permissions").usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent.mockReturnValue(false);
+    require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(false);
     require("../common/vote-client").createVoteClient.mockReturnValue({ ensureRegistered: () => Promise.resolve({}) });
     global.__RYD_LIVE_TEST_BUILD__ = false;
     global.chrome = {
@@ -54,6 +61,8 @@ describe("background changelog lifecycle", () => {
     global.browser = global.chrome;
     jest.spyOn(console, "debug").mockImplementation(() => {});
     require("./ryd.background");
+    await flushCallbacks();
+    require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission.mockClear();
   });
 
   afterEach(() => {
@@ -69,8 +78,68 @@ describe("background changelog lifecycle", () => {
     expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ url: CHANGELOG_URL }, expect.any(Function));
     expect(stored).toEqual({ lastShownChangelogVersion: VERSION });
+    expect(require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  test.each([false, true])(
+    "opens Firefox setup on a fresh install with missing consent (temporary=%s)",
+    async (temporary) => {
+      require("./src/data-collection-permissions").usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent.mockReturnValue(true);
+      installedListener({ reason: "install", temporary });
+      await flushCallbacks();
+      expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+      expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ url: CHANGELOG_URL, active: false }, expect.any(Function));
+      expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        { url: "moz-extension://test/consent.html" },
+        expect.any(Function),
+      );
+      expect(require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ queryBackground: false });
+      expect(stored).toEqual({ lastShownChangelogVersion: VERSION });
+    },
+  );
+
+  test("skips Firefox setup when core consent is already granted", async () => {
+    require("./src/data-collection-permissions").usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent.mockReturnValue(true);
+    require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(true);
+    installedListener({ reason: "install" });
+    await flushCallbacks();
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ url: CHANGELOG_URL }, expect.any(Function));
+  });
+
+  test("a delayed changelog storage read does not take focus from Firefox setup", async () => {
+    require("./src/data-collection-permissions").usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent.mockReturnValue(true);
+    let readChangelogStorage;
+    chrome.storage.local.get.mockImplementationOnce((keys, callback) => {
+      readChangelogStorage = callback;
+    });
+    installedListener({ reason: "install" });
+    await flushCallbacks();
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
+      { url: "moz-extension://test/consent.html" },
+      expect.any(Function),
+    );
+    readChangelogStorage({});
+    await flushCallbacks();
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith({ url: CHANGELOG_URL, active: false }, expect.any(Function));
+    expect(stored).toEqual({ lastShownChangelogVersion: VERSION });
+  });
+
+  test.each(["update", "browser_update", "chrome_update"])(
+    "does not open Firefox permission setup on %s or subsequent startup",
+    async (reason) => {
+      require("./src/data-collection-permissions").usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent.mockReturnValue(true);
+      stored.lastShownChangelogVersion = VERSION;
+      installedListener({ reason, previousVersion: "3.0.0.18" });
+      await flushCallbacks();
+      startupListener();
+      await flushCallbacks();
+      expect(chrome.tabs.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+
   test.each(["install", "update"])("preserves already-seen suppression on %s", async (reason) => {
     stored.lastShownChangelogVersion = "4.0.4";
     installedListener({ reason, temporary: true, previousVersion: "4.0.4" });
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.js b/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.js
index d9c64c3..5ad4341 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.js
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import { createVoteClient } from "../common/vote-client";
 import { createBrowserCredentialStore } from "./src/vote-client-adapter";
 import { loginWithGitHub } from "./src/github-auth";
 import { createDiscussionBackground } from "./src/discussion-background";
+import { fetchWithAccountConsent } from "./src/account-data-consent";
+import { isFirefoxExtension, isNormalMessageSender } from "./src/private-browsing";
 import {
   coreConsentError,
   fetchWithCoreConsent,
@@ -58,6 +60,7 @@ const discussionBackground = createDiscussionBackground({
   api,
   voteClient,
   fetchImpl: fetchWithCoreConsent,
+  accountFetchImpl: fetchWithAccountConsent,
   hasConsent: async () =>
     (await hasCoreDataPermission({ queryBackground: false })) &&
     (!usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent() || (await hasAuthenticationDataPermission({ queryBackground: false }))),
@@ -71,6 +74,7 @@ function broadcastPatreonStatus(authenticated, user, sessionToken, generation =
     if (generation !== authenticationGeneration) return;
     tabs
       .filter((tab) => {
+        if (isFirefoxExtension(api) && tab.incognito !== false) return false;
         try {
           const hostname = new URL(tab.url).hostname;
           return hostname === "youtube.com" || hostname.endsWith(".youtube.com");
@@ -245,6 +249,18 @@ function extractOAuthParams(responseUrl) {
 }
 
 api.runtime.onMessage.addListener((request, sender, sendResponse) => {
+  if (request?.message === "ryd_has_core_consent" || isNormalMessageSender(api, sender)) {
+    return handleMessage(request, sender, sendResponse);
+  }
+  sendResponse({
+    success: false,
+    ok: false,
+    granted: false,
+    error: { code: "private_browsing", message: "Only count display is available in private windows." },
+  });
+});
+
+function handleMessage(request, sender, sendResponse) {
   if (request?.message === "ryd_open_consent") {
     if (sender.id !== api.runtime.id || sender.url !== api.runtime.getURL("consent.html")) {
       sendResponse({ success: false });
@@ -256,13 +272,16 @@ api.runtime.onMessage.addListener((request, sender, sendResponse) => {
         if (consentPageTabId !== null) {
           try {
             const existing = await tabs.get(consentPageTabId);
-            if (existing.url === api.runtime.getURL("consent.html")) {
+            if (existing.url === api.runtime.getURL("consent.html") && existing.incognito === false) {
               await tabs.update(consentPageTabId, { active: true });
               return;
             }
           } catch (_) {}
         }
-        const tab = await tabs.create({ url: api.runtime.getURL("consent.html") });
+        const tab = await tabs.create({
+          url: api.runtime.getURL("consent.html"),
+          ...(Number.isInteger(sender.tab?.windowId) ? { windowId: sender.tab.windowId } : {}),
+        });
         consentPageTabId = tab.id;
       })().finally(() => {
         consentPageOpening = null;
@@ -381,7 +400,7 @@ api.runtime.onMessage.addListener((request, sender, sendResponse) => {
               ? chrome.identity.getRedirectURL()
               : "";
 
-        const startRes = await fetchWithCoreConsent(
+        const startRes = await fetchWithAccountConsent(
           getApiEndpoint(`/api/auth/oauth/login?redirectUri=${encodeURIComponent(redirectUri)}`),
         );
         const startData = await startRes.json();
@@ -396,7 +415,7 @@ api.runtime.onMessage.addListener((request, sender, sendResponse) => {
 
         await requireCurrentAuthenticationConsent(generation);
 
-        const exchangeRes = await fetchWithCoreConsent(getApiEndpoint("/api/auth/oauth/exchange"), {
+        const exchangeRes = await fetchWithAccountConsent(getApiEndpoint("/api/auth/oauth/exchange"), {
           method: "POST",
           headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
           body: JSON.stringify({
@@ -448,7 +467,7 @@ api.runtime.onMessage.addListener((request, sender, sendResponse) => {
               : "";
 
         const authData = await loginWithGitHub({
-          fetchImpl: fetchWithCoreConsent,
+          fetchImpl: fetchWithAccountConsent,
           redirectUri,
           launchWebAuthFlow,
           requireConsent: () => requireCurrentAuthenticationConsent(generation),
@@ -471,12 +490,12 @@ api.runtime.onMessage.addListener((request, sender, sendResponse) => {
     })();
     return true;
   }
-});
+}
 
-function openChangelogTab(version) {
+function openChangelogTab(version, { active } = {}) {
   try {
     const url = getChangelogUrl();
-    api.tabs.create({ url }, () => {
+    api.tabs.create({ url, ...(active === false ? { active: false } : {}) }, () => {
       if (api.runtime.lastError) {
         console.debug("Changelog tab could not open:", api.runtime.lastError.message);
         return;
@@ -574,7 +593,7 @@ function persistChangelogVersion(version) {
   }
 }
 
-function maybeShowChangelog(details) {
+function maybeShowChangelog(details, { active } = {}) {
   const reason = details?.reason;
   if (!reason) {
     return;
@@ -595,7 +614,7 @@ function maybeShowChangelog(details) {
   const showImmediately = reason === "install" || details.temporary === true;
 
   const showChangelog = () => {
-    openChangelogTab(currentVersion || null);
+    openChangelogTab(currentVersion || null, { active });
   };
 
   if (!storage || typeof storage.get !== "function") {
@@ -646,8 +665,26 @@ function maybeShowChangelog(details) {
   }
 }
 
+async function handleInstallation(details) {
+  const needsConsent =
+    details?.reason === "install" &&
+    usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent() &&
+    !(await hasCoreDataPermission({ queryBackground: false }));
+  maybeShowChangelog(details, { active: needsConsent ? false : undefined });
+  if (!needsConsent) return;
+
+  try {
+    api.tabs.create({ url: api.runtime.getURL("consent.html") }, (tab) => {
+      if (api.runtime.lastError) return;
+      consentPageTabId = tab?.id ?? null;
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.debug("Failed to open permission setup", error);
+  }
+}
+
 api.runtime.onInstalled.addListener((details) => {
-  maybeShowChangelog(details);
+  void handleInstallation(details);
 });
 
 if (api?.runtime?.onStartup && typeof api.runtime.onStartup.addListener === "function") {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.spec.js
index babb446..53042ce 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/ryd.background.spec.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ jest.mock("./src/core-data-consent", () => ({
   onCoreDataPermissionChanged: jest.fn(),
 }));
 
+const normalSender = { id: "extension-id", tab: { id: 1, incognito: false, windowId: 1 } };
 const flushPromises = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
 const startData = () => {
   const loginUrl = fetch.mock.calls.filter(([url]) => url.includes("/github/login?")).at(-1)?.[0];
@@ -35,8 +36,10 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     jest.resetModules();
+    const permissionRemovedListeners = new Set();
     consent = true;
     require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(true);
+    require("./src/core-data-consent").onCoreDataPermissionChanged.mockReturnValue(() => {});
     originalCrypto = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(globalThis, "crypto");
     Object.defineProperty(globalThis, "crypto", {
       configurable: true,
@@ -66,8 +69,13 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
         contains: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(true),
         onRemoved: {
           addListener: (listener) => {
-            removeConsent = () => listener({ data_collection: ["authenticationInfo"] });
+            permissionRemovedListeners.add(listener);
+            removeConsent = () =>
+              [...permissionRemovedListeners].forEach((listener) =>
+                listener({ data_collection: ["authenticationInfo"] }),
+              );
           },
+          removeListener: (listener) => permissionRemovedListeners.delete(listener),
         },
       },
       identity: {
@@ -83,10 +91,12 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
         onChanged: { addListener: jest.fn() },
       },
       tabs: {
-        get: jest.fn(async () => ({ id: 9, url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" })),
+        get: jest.fn(async () => ({ id: 9, url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html", incognito: false })),
         create: jest.fn(async () => ({ id: 9 })),
         update: jest.fn(async () => ({ id: 9 })),
-        query: jest.fn((query, callback) => callback([{ id: 1, url: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=video123456" }])),
+        query: jest.fn((query, callback) =>
+          callback([{ id: 1, url: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=video123456", incognito: false }]),
+        ),
         sendMessage: jest.fn(),
       },
     };
@@ -147,7 +157,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
         "data:text/plain,youtube.com",
         "blob:https://www.youtube.com/test",
       ];
-      const youtubeTabs = youtubeUrls.map((url, id) => ({ id, url }));
+      const youtubeTabs = youtubeUrls.map((url, id) => ({ id, url, incognito: false }));
       const otherTabs = otherUrls.map((url, index) => ({ id: youtubeTabs.length + index, url }));
       chrome.tabs.query.mockImplementation((query, callback) => callback([...otherTabs, ...youtubeTabs]));
       const user = { fullName: "Test" };
@@ -159,7 +169,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
       const statusMessages = () =>
         chrome.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.filter(([, payload]) => payload.message === "patreon_status_changed");
 
-      messageListener({ message }, {}, response);
+      messageListener({ message }, normalSender, response);
       await flushPromises();
 
       expect(response).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ success: true, user });
@@ -172,7 +182,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
       );
 
       chrome.tabs.sendMessage.mockClear();
-      messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, {}, jest.fn());
+      messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       await flushPromises();
 
       expect(statusMessages()).toEqual(
@@ -196,16 +206,16 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
         ok: true,
         json: async () => ({ success: true, user: { fullName: "Test" }, sessionToken: "test-token" }),
       });
-      messageListener({ message: "patreon_oauth_login" }, {}, jest.fn());
+      messageListener({ message: "patreon_oauth_login" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       await flushPromises();
       expect(completeQuery).toEqual(expect.any(Function));
 
       if (event === "revocation") revoke();
-      else messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, {}, jest.fn());
+      else messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       await flushPromises();
       const callsBeforeCompletion = chrome.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.slice();
 
-      completeQuery([{ id: 1, url: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=test" }]);
+      completeQuery([{ id: 1, url: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=test", incognito: false }]);
 
       expect(chrome.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls).toEqual(callsBeforeCompletion);
       expect(chrome.tabs.sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
@@ -225,9 +235,71 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
     expect(chrome.storage.sync.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  test.each([
+    "send_vote",
+    "register",
+    "patreon_oauth_login",
+    "github_oauth_login",
+    "patreon_logout",
+    "ryd_discussion",
+    "set_state",
+    "send_links",
+    "ryd_open_tab",
+    "ryd_open_consent",
+    "ryd_has_authentication_consent",
+  ])("private %s is rejected before shared work", async (message) => {
+    const response = jest.fn();
+    messageListener(
+      {
+        message,
+        videoId: "abcdefghijk",
+        vote: -1,
+        videoIds: Array(20).fill("abcdefghijk"),
+        url: "https://example.org/",
+      },
+      { ...normalSender, tab: { id: 2, incognito: true }, url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" },
+      response,
+    );
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(response).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        success: false,
+        granted: false,
+        error: expect.objectContaining({ code: "private_browsing" }),
+      }),
+    );
+    const client = require("../common/vote-client").createVoteClient.mock.results[0].value;
+    expect(client.ensureRegistered).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(client.getRegisteredUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(client.submitVote).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.tabs.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.identity.launchWebAuthFlow).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test("private tabs can read consent but receive no account broadcasts", async () => {
+    chrome.tabs.query.mockImplementation((query, callback) =>
+      callback([
+        { id: 1, url: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=test", incognito: false },
+        { id: 2, url: "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=test", incognito: true },
+      ]),
+    );
+    const response = jest.fn();
+    messageListener({ message: "ryd_has_core_consent" }, { id: "extension-id", tab: { incognito: true } }, response);
+    messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(response).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ granted: true });
+    const recipients = chrome.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls
+      .filter(([, payload]) => payload.message === "patreon_status_changed")
+      .map(([id]) => id);
+    expect(recipients).toEqual([1]);
+  });
+
   test.each([-1, 0, 1])("submits vote %s through the client that registers on demand", async (vote) => {
     const response = jest.fn();
-    messageListener({ message: "send_vote", videoId: "video123456", vote }, {}, response);
+    messageListener({ message: "send_vote", videoId: "video123456", vote }, normalSender, response);
     await flushPromises();
     const voteClient = require("../common/vote-client").createVoteClient.mock.results[0].value;
     expect(voteClient.submitVote).toHaveBeenCalledWith("video123456", vote);
@@ -239,7 +311,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
     async (message) => {
       require("./src/core-data-consent").hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(false);
       const response = jest.fn();
-      messageListener({ message, videoId: "video123456", vote: -1 }, {}, response);
+      messageListener({ message, videoId: "video123456", vote: -1 }, normalSender, response);
       await flushPromises();
       const client = require("../common/vote-client").createVoteClient.mock.results[0].value;
       expect(client.ensureRegistered).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -251,7 +323,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
 
   test("a standalone registration request does not create an ID", async () => {
     const response = jest.fn();
-    messageListener({ message: "register" }, {}, response);
+    messageListener({ message: "register" }, normalSender, response);
     await flushPromises();
     expect(response).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ success: false, error: "vote_required" });
     expect(
@@ -261,7 +333,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
 
   test("only the explainer can open the consent page and repeated clicks reuse the tab", async () => {
     const response = jest.fn();
-    const sender = { id: "extension-id", url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" };
+    const sender = { ...normalSender, url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" };
     messageListener({ message: "ryd_open_consent" }, { ...sender, url: "https://www.youtube.com/" }, response);
     expect(response).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ success: false });
     expect(chrome.tabs.create).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -275,7 +347,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
   });
 
   test("reopens the explainer if its previous tab has navigated away", async () => {
-    const sender = { id: "extension-id", url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" };
+    const sender = { ...normalSender, url: "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" };
     messageListener({ message: "ryd_open_consent" }, sender, jest.fn());
     await flushPromises();
     chrome.tabs.get.mockResolvedValue({ id: 9, url: "https://example.org/" });
@@ -290,7 +362,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
     async (message) => {
       consent = false;
       const response = jest.fn();
-      messageListener({ message }, {}, response);
+      messageListener({ message }, normalSender, response);
       await flushPromises();
       expect(fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(chrome.identity.launchWebAuthFlow).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -303,7 +375,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
     async (message) => {
       chrome.permissions.getAll.mockResolvedValue({ permissions: ["identity"], origins: [] });
       const response = jest.fn();
-      messageListener({ message }, {}, response);
+      messageListener({ message }, normalSender, response);
       await flushPromises();
       expect(fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       expect(chrome.identity.launchWebAuthFlow).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -316,7 +388,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
     async (message) => {
       const start = deferred();
       fetch.mockReturnValueOnce(start.promise);
-      messageListener({ message }, {}, jest.fn());
+      messageListener({ message }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       await flushPromises();
       revoke();
       start.resolve({ ok: true, json: async () => startData() });
@@ -332,9 +404,9 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
       const oauth = deferred();
       fetch.mockResolvedValue({ ok: true, json: async () => startData() });
       chrome.identity.launchWebAuthFlow.mockReturnValue(oauth.promise);
-      messageListener({ message }, {}, jest.fn());
+      messageListener({ message }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       await flushPromises();
-      messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, {}, jest.fn());
+      messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       oauth.resolve("https://extension.example/callback?code=test&state=test");
       await flushPromises();
       expect(fetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
@@ -348,7 +420,7 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
       const exchange = deferred();
       fetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: true, json: async () => startData() }).mockReturnValueOnce(exchange.promise);
       const response = jest.fn();
-      messageListener({ message }, {}, response);
+      messageListener({ message }, normalSender, response);
       await flushPromises();
       expect(fetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
       revoke();
@@ -382,10 +454,10 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
         json: async () => ({ success: true, user: { fullName: "Test" }, sessionToken: "test-token" }),
       });
       const response = jest.fn();
-      messageListener({ message: "patreon_oauth_login" }, {}, response);
+      messageListener({ message: "patreon_oauth_login" }, normalSender, response);
       await flushPromises();
       if (event === "revocation") revoke();
-      else messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, {}, jest.fn());
+      else messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
       await flushPromises();
       expect(chrome.storage.sync.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
       saved();
@@ -436,11 +508,11 @@ describe("background account consent lifecycle", () => {
         ok: true,
         json: async () => ({ success: true, user: { fullName: "New" }, sessionToken: "new-token" }),
       });
-    messageListener({ message: "patreon_oauth_login" }, {}, jest.fn());
+    messageListener({ message: "patreon_oauth_login" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
     await flushPromises();
-    messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, {}, jest.fn());
+    messageListener({ message: "patreon_logout" }, normalSender, jest.fn());
     const newResponse = jest.fn();
-    messageListener({ message: "github_oauth_login" }, {}, newResponse);
+    messageListener({ message: "github_oauth_login" }, normalSender, newResponse);
     await flushPromises();
     completeOldSave();
     await flushPromises();
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/ryd.content-script.js b/Extensions/combined/ryd.content-script.js
index a0bb474..3481a80 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/ryd.content-script.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/ryd.content-script.js
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import {
   restoreCurrentState,
   setInitialState,
   storedData,
+  NEUTRAL_STATE,
 } from "./src/state";
 import { getBrowser, getVideoId, isVideoLoaded } from "./src/utils";
 import {
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ import { initDiscussion } from "./src/discussion";
 import { waitForCoreDataConsent } from "./src/consent-prompt";
 import { onCoreDataPermissionChanged } from "./src/core-data-consent";
 import { cancelObsoleteVoteDataRequests, clearVoteDataRequestCache } from "./src/vote-data-request";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./src/private-browsing";
 import {
   actionBarHasHydratedData,
   captureShortsNativeControlInventory,
@@ -70,10 +72,34 @@ let pendingShortsMutationSurface = null;
 let shortsRouteEpoch = 0;
 let observedRouteKey = null;
 let coreConsentGranted = false;
+let privatePageActive = true;
+const privateBrowsingContext = isPrivateBrowsingContext();
 const pendingNavigation = createPendingNavigationTracker();
 const SHORTS_HYDRATION_ATTRIBUTE = "data-ryd-shorts-action-bar-hydrated";
 const SHORTS_HYDRATION_REQUEST_EVENT = "ryd-shorts-action-bar-hydration-request";
 
+function clearPrivateVoteState() {
+  clearVoteDataRequestCache();
+  Object.assign(storedData, { likes: 0, dislikes: 0, previousState: NEUTRAL_STATE, videoId: null });
+}
+
+if (privateBrowsingContext) {
+  window.addEventListener("pagehide", () => {
+    privatePageActive = false;
+    clearPrivateVoteState();
+    clearRenderedVoteState();
+    initializedVideoId = null;
+    isSetInitialStateDone = false;
+    if (jsInitChecktimer !== null) {
+      clearInterval(jsInitChecktimer);
+      jsInitChecktimer = null;
+    }
+  });
+  window.addEventListener("pageshow", () => {
+    privatePageActive = true;
+  });
+}
+
 function injectPageWorldHelpers() {
   return new Promise((resolve) => {
     const script = document.createElement("script");
@@ -107,6 +133,7 @@ onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
   coreConsentGranted = granted;
   if (!granted) {
     clearVoteDataRequestCache();
+    if (privateBrowsingContext) clearPrivateVoteState();
     storedData.videoId = null;
     initializedVideoId = null;
     isSetInitialStateDone = false;
@@ -119,13 +146,17 @@ onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
 const pageWorldHelpersReady = injectPageWorldHelpers();
 // Listen before asynchronous initialization so settings changed in another tab
 // are applied while the page is still loading.
-getBrowser().storage.onChanged.addListener(storageChangeHandler);
-isStorageListenerRegistered = true;
+if (!privateBrowsingContext) {
+  getBrowser().storage.onChanged.addListener(storageChangeHandler);
+  isStorageListenerRegistered = true;
+}
 await initExtConfig();
 observeColorTheme();
 await pageWorldHelpersReady;
-initPatreonFeatures();
-initDiscussion();
+if (!privateBrowsingContext) {
+  initPatreonFeatures();
+  initDiscussion();
+}
 
 function ensureShortsNavigationObserver() {
   if (!isShorts()) {
@@ -308,6 +339,7 @@ function getStableShortsControls(videoId) {
 }
 
 async function checkForInitialization() {
+  if (privateBrowsingContext && !privatePageActive) return;
   if (!coreConsentGranted) return;
   if (initializationCheckRunning) return;
   initializationCheckRunning = true;
@@ -341,7 +373,7 @@ async function checkForInitialization() {
       } else {
         rendered = await setInitialState();
       }
-      if (rendered === false || !coreConsentGranted) return;
+      if (rendered === false || !coreConsentGranted || (privateBrowsingContext && !privatePageActive)) return;
       const currentControls = getButtonControls();
       if (
         videoId !== getVideoId(window.location.href) ||
@@ -369,13 +401,17 @@ async function checkForInitialization() {
         clearInterval(jsInitChecktimer);
         jsInitChecktimer = null;
       }
-      if (!isStorageListenerRegistered) {
+      if (!privateBrowsingContext && !isStorageListenerRegistered) {
         getBrowser().storage.onChanged.addListener(storageChangeHandler);
         isStorageListenerRegistered = true;
       }
     }
   } catch (exception) {
-    console.warn("Initialization failed; retrying when the current controls are ready.", exception);
+    if (privateBrowsingContext) {
+      console.warn("Initialization failed; retrying when the current controls are ready.");
+    } else {
+      console.warn("Initialization failed; retrying when the current controls are ready.", exception);
+    }
   } finally {
     initializationCheckRunning = false;
   }
@@ -405,6 +441,7 @@ const initializationCycle = createInitializationCycleRunner(async () => {
 });
 
 function triggerInitializationCycle() {
+  if (privateBrowsingContext && !privatePageActive) return Promise.resolve();
   if (!coreConsentGranted) return Promise.resolve();
   return initializationCycle.request();
 }
@@ -415,6 +452,7 @@ async function setEventListeners() {
 
 document.addEventListener("yt-navigate-start", function () {
   clearVoteDataRequestCache();
+  if (privateBrowsingContext) clearPrivateVoteState();
   shortsRouteEpoch += 1;
   pendingShortsMutationSurface = null;
   pendingNavigation.begin(() => {
@@ -523,6 +561,7 @@ function watchControlsNeedInitialization() {
 }
 
 setInterval(() => {
+  if (privateBrowsingContext && !privatePageActive) return;
   if (!coreConsentGranted) return;
   syncShortsRouteEpoch();
   if (isShorts()) ensureShortsNavigationObserver();
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/account-data-consent.js b/Extensions/combined/src/account-data-consent.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b64e4eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/account-data-consent.js
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { fetchWithCoreConsent, onCoreDataPermissionChanged } from "./core-data-consent";
+import {
+  hasAuthenticationDataPermission,
+  onAuthenticationDataPermissionRemoved,
+  usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent,
+} from "./data-collection-permissions";
+
+function accountConsentError() {
+  return new Error("Authentication data consent required.");
+}
+
+function fetchWithAccountConsent(input, options = {}, fetchImpl = globalThis.fetch) {
+  if (!usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent()) return fetchWithCoreConsent(input, options, fetchImpl);
+
+  return (async () => {
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+    const abort = () => controller.abort();
+    const unsubscribe = onAuthenticationDataPermissionRemoved(abort);
+    const unsubscribeCore = onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
+      if (!granted) abort();
+    });
+    const api = typeof browser !== "undefined" ? browser : globalThis.chrome;
+    const messages = typeof api?.permissions?.onRemoved?.addListener === "function" ? null : api?.runtime?.onMessage;
+    const onMessage = (message) => {
+      if (message?.message === "patreon_status_changed" && message.authenticated === false) abort();
+    };
+    messages?.addListener?.(onMessage);
+    options.signal?.addEventListener("abort", abort, { once: true });
+    if (options.signal?.aborted) abort();
+
+    try {
+      const response = await fetchWithCoreConsent(
+        input,
+        { ...options, signal: controller.signal },
+        async (requestInput, requestOptions) => {
+          // Check after the core-consent query, immediately before sending account data.
+          const granted = await hasAuthenticationDataPermission();
+          if (!granted || controller.signal.aborted || requestOptions.signal.aborted) throw accountConsentError();
+          return fetchImpl(requestInput, requestOptions);
+        },
+      );
+      if (!(await hasAuthenticationDataPermission()) || controller.signal.aborted) throw accountConsentError();
+      return response;
+    } finally {
+      unsubscribe();
+      unsubscribeCore();
+      messages?.removeListener?.(onMessage);
+      options.signal?.removeEventListener("abort", abort);
+    }
+  })();
+}
+
+export { fetchWithAccountConsent };
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/account-data-consent.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/account-data-consent.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8dfa805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/account-data-consent.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+import { fetchWithAccountConsent } from "./account-data-consent";
+import { CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS } from "./core-data-consent";
+
+const URL = "https://api.example/account";
+const OPTIONS = { headers: { Authorization: "Bearer synthetic-token" } };
+const flush = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
+const deferred = () => {
+  let resolve;
+  const promise = new Promise((done) => (resolve = done));
+  return { promise, resolve };
+};
+
+function event() {
+  const listeners = new Set();
+  return {
+    addListener: (listener) => listeners.add(listener),
+    removeListener: (listener) => listeners.delete(listener),
+    emit: (value) => [...listeners].forEach((listener) => listener(value)),
+    size: () => listeners.size,
+  };
+}
+
+describe("account request consent boundary", () => {
+  let granted;
+  let fetchImpl;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS, "authenticationInfo"];
+    global.browser = {
+      runtime: {
+        getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: { data_collection_permissions: {} } } }),
+        onMessage: event(),
+        sendMessage: jest.fn(),
+      },
+      permissions: {
+        getAll: jest.fn(async () => ({ data_collection: [...granted] })),
+        request: jest.fn(),
+        onAdded: event(),
+        onRemoved: event(),
+      },
+    };
+    fetchImpl = jest.fn(async () => new Response('{"valid":true}'));
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    expect(browser.runtime.onMessage.size()).toBe(0);
+    if (browser.permissions) {
+      expect(browser.permissions.onAdded.size()).toBe(0);
+      expect(browser.permissions.onRemoved.size()).toBe(0);
+    }
+    delete global.browser;
+  });
+
+  function revokeAuthentication() {
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+    browser.permissions.onRemoved.emit({ data_collection: ["authenticationInfo"] });
+  }
+
+  test("granted account requests return their response without requesting permissions", async () => {
+    const response = await fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    expect(await response.json()).toEqual({ valid: true });
+    expect(fetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalledWith(URL, expect.objectContaining(OPTIONS));
+    expect(browser.permissions.request).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test.each(["missing", "unavailable"])("%s authentication consent blocks account traffic", async (state) => {
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+    if (state === "unavailable") {
+      browser.permissions.getAll
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data_collection: [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS] })
+        .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("Unavailable"));
+    }
+    await expect(fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl)).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test("rechecks authentication after a delayed core query even without a removal event", async () => {
+    const coreCheck = deferred();
+    browser.permissions.getAll.mockReturnValueOnce(coreCheck.promise);
+    const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+    coreCheck.resolve({ data_collection: [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS, "authenticationInfo"] });
+    await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test.each([false, true])("revocation during a core query blocks traffic after regrant=%s", async (regrant) => {
+    const coreCheck = deferred();
+    browser.permissions.getAll.mockReturnValueOnce(coreCheck.promise);
+    const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    revokeAuthentication();
+    if (regrant) granted.push("authenticationInfo");
+    coreCheck.resolve({ data_collection: [...granted] });
+    await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test.each(["authenticationInfo", CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS[0]])(
+    "revoking %s during the final account query blocks a stale granting result",
+    async (permission) => {
+      const accountCheck = deferred();
+      browser.permissions.getAll
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data_collection: [...granted] })
+        .mockReturnValueOnce(accountCheck.promise);
+      const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+      await flush();
+      browser.permissions.onRemoved.emit({ data_collection: [permission] });
+      accountCheck.resolve({ data_collection: [...granted] });
+      await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+      expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+
+  test("revocation aborts in-flight work and discards a body that finishes after regrant", async () => {
+    const body = deferred();
+    let signal;
+    fetchImpl.mockImplementationOnce(async (_, options) => {
+      signal = options.signal;
+      return { arrayBuffer: () => body.promise };
+    });
+    const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    await flush();
+    revokeAuthentication();
+    granted.push("authenticationInfo");
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+    body.resolve(new ArrayBuffer(0));
+    await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+  });
+
+  test("a final permission check discards a completed response if removal events are unavailable", async () => {
+    fetchImpl.mockImplementationOnce(async () => {
+      granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+      return new Response('{"valid":true}');
+    });
+    await expect(fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl)).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    expect(fetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
+  test("content requests observe account revocation while their background permission query is pending", async () => {
+    delete browser.permissions;
+    const accountCheck = deferred();
+    browser.runtime.sendMessage.mockImplementation(({ message }) =>
+      message === "ryd_has_core_consent" ? Promise.resolve({ granted: true }) : accountCheck.promise,
+    );
+    const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    await flush();
+    browser.runtime.onMessage.emit({ message: "patreon_status_changed", authenticated: false });
+    accountCheck.resolve({ granted: true });
+    await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test("content revocation aborts a pending body and rejects its result", async () => {
+    delete browser.permissions;
+    browser.runtime.sendMessage.mockResolvedValue({ granted: true });
+    const body = deferred();
+    let signal;
+    fetchImpl.mockImplementationOnce(async (_, options) => {
+      signal = options.signal;
+      return { arrayBuffer: () => body.promise };
+    });
+    const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    await flush();
+    browser.runtime.onMessage.emit({ message: "patreon_status_changed", authenticated: false });
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+    body.resolve(new ArrayBuffer(0));
+    await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+  });
+
+  test.each(["native", "content"])(
+    "core revocation during the final %s account query discards a buffered response",
+    async (context) => {
+      const accountCheck = deferred();
+      if (context === "native") {
+        browser.permissions.getAll
+          .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data_collection: [...granted] })
+          .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data_collection: [...granted] })
+          .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data_collection: [...granted] })
+          .mockReturnValueOnce(accountCheck.promise);
+      } else {
+        delete browser.permissions;
+        let accountQueries = 0;
+        browser.runtime.sendMessage.mockImplementation(({ message }) => {
+          if (message === "ryd_has_core_consent" || ++accountQueries === 1) return Promise.resolve({ granted: true });
+          return accountCheck.promise;
+        });
+      }
+      const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+      await flush();
+      expect(fetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      if (context === "native") {
+        browser.permissions.onRemoved.emit({ data_collection: [CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS[0]] });
+        accountCheck.resolve({ data_collection: [...granted] });
+      } else {
+        browser.runtime.onMessage.emit({ message: "ryd_core_consent_changed", granted: false });
+        accountCheck.resolve({ granted: true });
+      }
+      await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    },
+  );
+
+  test("caller cancellation prevents a pending account request from starting", async () => {
+    const accountCheck = deferred();
+    browser.permissions.getAll
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data_collection: [...granted] })
+      .mockReturnValueOnce(accountCheck.promise);
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+    const pending = fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, { ...OPTIONS, signal: controller.signal }, fetchImpl);
+    await flush();
+    controller.abort();
+    accountCheck.resolve({ data_collection: [...granted] });
+    await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow("consent");
+    expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test("other browsers keep their ordinary request behavior", async () => {
+    browser.runtime.getManifest = () => ({});
+    await fetchWithAccountConsent(URL, OPTIONS, fetchImpl);
+    expect(fetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalledWith(URL, OPTIONS);
+    expect(browser.permissions.getAll).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/amo-policy.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/amo-policy.spec.js
index d10cc13..5d2c6ea 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/amo-policy.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/amo-policy.spec.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe("Firefox AMO policy declarations", () => {
     const manifest = JSON.parse(readExtensionFile("manifest-firefox.json"));
     const gecko = manifest.browser_specific_settings.gecko;
 
-    expect(manifest.incognito).toBe("not_allowed");
+    expect(manifest.incognito).toBe("spanning");
     expect(gecko.id).toBe("{762f9885-5a13-4abd-9c77-433dcd38b8fd}");
     expect(gecko.strict_min_version).toBe("140.0");
     expect(gecko.data_collection_permissions).toEqual({
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/bar.js b/Extensions/combined/src/bar.js
index 7f2e5b5..0bb1545 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/bar.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/bar.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { logger } from "./logging";
 import { getButtons, getDislikeButton, getLikeButton } from "./buttons";
 import { extConfig, isMobile, isLikesDisabled, isNewDesign, isRoundedDesign, isShorts, isVideoLiked } from "./state";
 import { getColorFromTheme, getElementWidth, getVideoId, isInViewport, querySelector } from "./utils";
@@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ function createRateBar(likes, dislikes) {
       }
     }
   } else {
-    console.log("removing bar");
+    logger.log("removing bar");
     if (rateBar) {
       (rateBar.closest(".ryd-tooltip") ?? rateBar).remove();
     }
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.js b/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.js
index ccb8efc..f8b0c8f 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { isMobile, isShorts, extConfig } from "./state";
 import { getVideoId, querySelector, querySelectorAll } from "./utils";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 import {
   actionBarHasHydratedData,
   getShortsIdentityLinkVideoIds,
@@ -310,6 +311,7 @@ function isSyntheticShortsDislike(dislikeButton) {
 
 function setSyntheticShortsDislikePressed(pressed, dislikeButton = getDislikeButton()) {
   if (!isSyntheticShortsDislike(dislikeButton)) return false;
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) pressed = false;
 
   dislikeButton.classList.toggle("style-default-active", pressed);
   dislikeButton.classList.toggle("style-text", !pressed);
@@ -319,6 +321,7 @@ function setSyntheticShortsDislikePressed(pressed, dislikeButton = getDislikeBut
 
 function setSyntheticShortsDislikeEnabled(enabled, dislikeButton = getDislikeButton()) {
   if (!isSyntheticShortsDislike(dislikeButton)) return false;
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) enabled = false;
 
   const button = dislikeButton.querySelector("button");
   if (!button) return false;
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.spec.js
index 7676af2..fb14abe 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/buttons.spec.js
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 /** @jest-environment jsdom */
 
+jest.mock("./private-browsing", () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual("./private-browsing"),
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+const { isPrivateBrowsingContext } = require("./private-browsing");
 const { extConfig, refreshReactionPresentation } = require("./state");
 const {
   ensureSyntheticShortsDislikeButton,
@@ -94,6 +100,7 @@ function setNativeTextBoxes() {
 
 describe("desktop watch button ownership", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
+    isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(false);
     history.replaceState({}, "", "/watch?v=BBBBBBBBBBB");
     extConfig.selectors.buttons.regular.desktopMenu = ["ytd-menu-renderer.ytd-watch-metadata > div"];
     extConfig.selectors.buttons.regular.desktopNoMenu = ["#top-level-buttons-computed"];
@@ -686,6 +693,43 @@ describe("desktop watch button ownership", () => {
     expect(dislike.classList.contains("style-default-active")).toBe(true);
   });
 
+  test("keeps a private synthetic Shorts count disabled and unpressed through direct setters", () => {
+    isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+    history.replaceState({}, "", "/shorts/BBBBBBBBBBB");
+    document.body.innerHTML = `
+      <ytd-reel-video-renderer video-id="BBBBBBBBBBB" is-active>
+        <reel-action-bar-view-model>
+          <like-button-view-model><button aria-pressed="true"><span role="text">100</span></button></like-button-view-model>
+          <button-view-model><button type="button">Comments</button></button-view-model>
+        </reel-action-bar-view-model>
+      </ytd-reel-video-renderer>`;
+    const actionBar = document.querySelector("reel-action-bar-view-model");
+    setBox(actionBar);
+    const dislike = ensureSyntheticShortsDislikeButton(actionBar, {
+      currentVideoId: "BBBBBBBBBBB",
+      isHydrated: true,
+      isStable: true,
+    });
+    const nativeLike = actionBar.querySelector("like-button-view-model button");
+    const nativeClick = jest.fn();
+    nativeLike.addEventListener("click", nativeClick);
+    const syntheticClick = jest.fn();
+    dislike.querySelector("button").addEventListener("click", syntheticClick);
+
+    setSyntheticShortsDislikeEnabled(true, dislike);
+    setSyntheticShortsDislikePressed(true, dislike);
+    dislike.querySelector("button").click();
+
+    expect(dislike.querySelector("button").disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(dislike.querySelector("button").getAttribute("aria-disabled")).toBe("true");
+    expect(dislike.querySelector("button").getAttribute("aria-pressed")).toBe("false");
+    expect(dislike.classList.contains("style-default-active")).toBe(false);
+    expect(getButtonControls(actionBar).ready).toBe(true);
+    expect(syntheticClick).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(nativeClick).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(nativeLike.getAttribute("aria-pressed")).toBe("true");
+  });
+
   test("does not mutate an offscreen URL-matching Shorts placeholder before activation", () => {
     history.replaceState({}, "", "/shorts/BBBBBBBBBBB");
     document.body.innerHTML = `
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.js b/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.js
index 17da7a5..e6c7909 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.js
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ function applyLocaleMetadata() {
     if (browserLocale) {
       document.documentElement.lang = browserLocale;
     }
+    const direction = chrome?.i18n?.getMessage?.("@@bidi_dir");
+    if (direction === "rtl" || direction === "ltr") document.documentElement.dir = direction;
   } catch (error) {
     console.debug("Unable to resolve UI locale", error);
   }
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a500120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/changelog/index.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/** @jest-environment jsdom */
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const path = require("node:path");
+
+jest.mock("../utils", () => ({
+  getBrowser: () => "Chrome",
+  localize: (key) => require("../../_locales/en/messages.json")[key]?.message || "",
+}));
+
+const { initChangelogPage } = require("./index");
+
+describe("release page locale metadata", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.spyOn(document, "readyState", "get").mockReturnValue("complete");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("lang");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dir");
+    document.documentElement.innerHTML = fs.readFileSync(
+      path.join(__dirname, "../../changelog/4/changelog_4.1.html"),
+      "utf8",
+    );
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.restoreAllMocks();
+    delete global.chrome;
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("lang");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dir");
+  });
+
+  test.each([
+    ["fa", "rtl"],
+    ["en", "ltr"],
+  ])("uses %s language and %s direction while localizing the release page", (locale, direction) => {
+    global.chrome = { i18n: { getMessage: (key) => ({ "@@ui_locale": locale, "@@bidi_dir": direction })[key] } };
+
+    initChangelogPage();
+
+    expect(document.documentElement.lang).toBe(locale);
+    expect(document.documentElement.dir).toBe(direction);
+    expect(document.querySelector("h1").textContent).not.toContain("__MSG_");
+    expect(document.documentElement.innerHTML).not.toContain("__MSG_");
+  });
+
+  test.each(["", "auto"])("preserves document metadata when locale metadata is %j", (metadata) => {
+    document.documentElement.lang = "en";
+    document.documentElement.dir = "ltr";
+    global.chrome = { i18n: { getMessage: (key) => (key === "@@bidi_dir" ? metadata : "") } };
+
+    initChangelogPage();
+
+    expect(document.documentElement.lang).toBe("en");
+    expect(document.documentElement.dir).toBe("ltr");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.js b/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.js
index 7ed5398..7275a55 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { consentApi, hasCoreDataPermission, onCoreDataPermissionChanged } from "./core-data-consent";
 import { usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent } from "./data-collection-permissions";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 
 let pendingConsent = null;
 
@@ -10,9 +11,11 @@ function waitForCoreDataConsent({ alwaysExplain = false } = {}) {
     if (await hasCoreDataPermission()) return;
     const api = consentApi();
     let dismissed = false;
-    try {
-      dismissed = (await api.storage.local.get("rydConsentDismissed"))?.rydConsentDismissed === true;
-    } catch (_) {}
+    if (!isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
+      try {
+        dismissed = (await api.storage.local.get("rydConsentDismissed"))?.rydConsentDismissed === true;
+      } catch (_) {}
+    }
     await new Promise((resolve) => {
       const host = document.createElement("div");
       host.id = "ryd-consent-prompt";
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.spec.js
index 4162366..566f28e 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/consent-prompt.spec.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ jest.mock("./core-data-consent", () => ({
   onCoreDataPermissionChanged: jest.fn(),
 }));
 jest.mock("./data-collection-permissions", () => ({ usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent: jest.fn() }));
+jest.mock("./private-browsing", () => ({ isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn() }));
 const flush = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 0));
 
 describe("consent overlay lifecycle", () => {
@@ -16,7 +17,8 @@ describe("consent overlay lifecycle", () => {
     jest.resetModules();
     core = require("./core-data-consent");
     require("./data-collection-permissions").usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent.mockReturnValue(true);
-    local = { get: jest.fn(async () => ({})) };
+    require("./private-browsing").isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(false);
+    local = { get: jest.fn(async () => ({})), set: jest.fn(), remove: jest.fn() };
     core.consentApi.mockReturnValue({
       storage: { local },
       runtime: { getURL: () => "moz-extension://fixture/consent.html" },
@@ -96,4 +98,43 @@ describe("consent overlay lifecycle", () => {
     changed(true);
     await pending;
   });
+
+  test("private setup skips stored dismissal state and dismisses only the current overlay", async () => {
+    require("./private-browsing").isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+    local.get.mockResolvedValue({ rydConsentDismissed: true });
+    const pending = waitForConsent();
+    let granted = false;
+    void pending.then(() => (granted = true));
+    const { frame, host } = await mounted();
+    expect(host.hasAttribute("collapsed")).toBe(false);
+    expect(local.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    message(frame, "ryd-consent-dismissed");
+    await flush();
+    expect(host.hasAttribute("collapsed")).toBe(true);
+    expect(granted).toBe(false);
+    host.shadowRoot.querySelector("button").click();
+    expect(host.hasAttribute("collapsed")).toBe(false);
+    expect(local.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(local.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    core.hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(true);
+    changed(true);
+    await pending;
+    expect(host.isConnected).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  test.each([false, true])(
+    "an existing grant skips setup and stored dismissal state (private=%s)",
+    async (privateBrowsing) => {
+      require("./private-browsing").isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(privateBrowsing);
+      local.get.mockResolvedValue({ rydConsentDismissed: true });
+      core.hasCoreDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(true);
+      await waitForConsent();
+      expect(document.querySelector("#ryd-consent-prompt")).toBeNull();
+      expect(core.consentApi).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(core.onCoreDataPermissionChanged).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(local.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(local.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(local.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
 });
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/content-script-private.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/content-script-private.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37d139c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/content-script-private.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/** @jest-environment jsdom */
+
+import { readFileSync } from "fs";
+import { join } from "path";
+import { transformSync } from "@babel/core";
+import * as initializationCycle from "./initialization-cycle";
+
+const source = readFileSync(join(__dirname, "../ryd.content-script.js"), "utf8");
+const executable = transformSync(source, {
+  babelrc: false,
+  configFile: false,
+  plugins: [
+    ({ types }) => ({
+      visitor: {
+        ImportDeclaration(path) {
+          const bindings = path.node.specifiers.map(({ imported, local }) =>
+            types.objectProperty(imported, local, false, imported.name === local.name),
+          );
+          path.replaceWith(
+            types.variableDeclaration("const", [
+              types.variableDeclarator(
+                types.objectPattern(bindings),
+                types.memberExpression(types.identifier("dependencies"), path.node.source, true),
+              ),
+            ]),
+          );
+        },
+      },
+    }),
+  ],
+}).code;
+const execute = new Function(
+  "dependencies",
+  "window",
+  "document",
+  "setInterval",
+  "clearInterval",
+  "setTimeout",
+  "clearTimeout",
+  "__RYD_LIVE_TEST_BUILD__",
+  `return (async () => { ${executable} })();`,
+);
+
+function harness(privateContext) {
+  const page = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument();
+  const pageWindow = new EventTarget();
+  pageWindow.location = new URL("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abcdefghijk");
+  const buttons = page.createElement("div");
+  const likeButton = page.createElement("div");
+  const dislikeButton = page.createElement("div");
+  const nativeLikeButton = page.createElement("button");
+  const nativeDislikeButton = page.createElement("button");
+  likeButton.append(nativeLikeButton);
+  dislikeButton.append(nativeDislikeButton);
+  buttons.append(likeButton, dislikeButton);
+  page.body.append(buttons);
+  const controls = {
+    buttons,
+    dislikeButton,
+    dislikeTextContainer: page.createElement("span"),
+    likeButton,
+    nativeDislikeButton,
+    nativeLikeButton,
+    ready: true,
+  };
+  const storedData = { likes: 0, dislikes: 0, videoId: null, previousState: "NEUTRAL_STATE" };
+  const storage = { onChanged: { addListener: jest.fn() } };
+  const state = {
+    NEUTRAL_STATE: "NEUTRAL_STATE",
+    storedData,
+    clearRenderedVoteState: jest.fn(),
+    hasLoadedStateForVideo: (videoId) => storedData.videoId === videoId,
+    initExtConfig: jest.fn(async () => undefined),
+    isLikesDisabled: () => false,
+    isShorts: () => false,
+    restoreCurrentState: jest.fn(() => true),
+    setInitialState: jest.fn(async () => {
+      Object.assign(storedData, { likes: 100, dislikes: 10, videoId: "abcdefghijk" });
+      return true;
+    }),
+  };
+  let permissionChanged;
+  const buttonFunctions = {
+    getButtonControls: () => controls,
+    getDislikeTextContainer: () => controls.dislikeTextContainer,
+    hasRenderedBox: () => true,
+    markButtonsForVideo: jest.fn(),
+    setSyntheticShortsDislikeEnabled: jest.fn(),
+  };
+  const dependencies = {
+    "./src/buttons": buttonFunctions,
+    "./src/state": state,
+    "./src/utils": {
+      getBrowser: () => ({ storage, runtime: { getURL: (path) => path } }),
+      getVideoId: () => "abcdefghijk",
+      isVideoLoaded: () => true,
+    },
+    "./src/events": {
+      addLikeDislikeEventListener: jest.fn(),
+      createSmartimationObserver: jest.fn(),
+      storageChangeHandler: jest.fn(),
+      observeColorTheme: jest.fn(),
+    },
+    "./src/bar": { hasUsableRateBar: () => true },
+    "./src/initialization-cycle": initializationCycle,
+    "./src/patreon": { initPatreonFeatures: jest.fn() },
+    "./src/discussion": { initDiscussion: jest.fn() },
+    "./src/consent-prompt": { waitForCoreDataConsent: jest.fn(async () => true) },
+    "./src/core-data-consent": {
+      onCoreDataPermissionChanged: (listener) => {
+        permissionChanged = listener;
+      },
+    },
+    "./src/vote-data-request": {
+      cancelObsoleteVoteDataRequests: jest.fn(),
+      clearVoteDataRequestCache: jest.fn(),
+    },
+    "./src/private-browsing": { isPrivateBrowsingContext: () => privateContext },
+    "../common/shorts-control-readiness": {},
+  };
+  const append = page.head.appendChild.bind(page.head);
+  page.head.appendChild = (script) => {
+    append(script);
+    script.onload.call(script);
+    return script;
+  };
+  return {
+    buttonFunctions,
+    dependencies,
+    page,
+    pageWindow,
+    permissionChanged: (granted) => permissionChanged(granted),
+    run: () => execute(dependencies, pageWindow, page, setInterval, clearInterval, setTimeout, clearTimeout, false),
+    state,
+    storage,
+  };
+}
+
+const flush = async () => {
+  for (let index = 0; index < 20; index++) await Promise.resolve();
+};
+
+beforeEach(() => jest.useFakeTimers());
+afterEach(() => {
+  jest.clearAllTimers();
+  jest.useRealTimers();
+});
+
+test.each([false, true])(
+  "initializes count display with context-specific account and storage setup (private=%s)",
+  async (privateContext) => {
+    const context = harness(privateContext);
+    await context.run();
+    expect(context.state.initExtConfig).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(context.state.setInitialState).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(context.buttonFunctions.markButtonsForVideo).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(context.storage.onChanged.addListener).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(privateContext ? 0 : 1);
+    expect(context.dependencies["./src/patreon"].initPatreonFeatures).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(privateContext ? 0 : 1);
+    expect(context.dependencies["./src/discussion"].initDiscussion).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(privateContext ? 0 : 1);
+  },
+);
+
+test.each(["pagehide", "yt-navigate-start", "consent-loss"])(
+  "clears private document count state on %s",
+  async (eventName) => {
+    const context = harness(true);
+    await context.run();
+    const requests = context.dependencies["./src/vote-data-request"];
+    requests.clearVoteDataRequestCache.mockClear();
+    if (eventName === "consent-loss") context.permissionChanged(false);
+    else (eventName === "pagehide" ? context.pageWindow : context.page).dispatchEvent(new Event(eventName));
+    expect(requests.clearVoteDataRequestCache).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(context.state.storedData).toEqual({ likes: 0, dislikes: 0, previousState: "NEUTRAL_STATE", videoId: null });
+    expect(context.state.clearRenderedVoteState).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  },
+);
+
+test("private page exit suppresses late initialization and requests a fresh state on return", async () => {
+  const context = harness(true);
+  let resolveInitialState;
+  context.state.setInitialState.mockImplementationOnce(() => new Promise((resolve) => (resolveInitialState = resolve)));
+  const initialized = context.run();
+  await flush();
+  expect(context.state.setInitialState).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  context.pageWindow.dispatchEvent(new Event("pagehide"));
+  resolveInitialState(true);
+  await initialized;
+  jest.advanceTimersByTime(1000);
+  await flush();
+  expect(context.buttonFunctions.markButtonsForVideo).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(context.buttonFunctions.setSyntheticShortsDislikeEnabled).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(context.state.setInitialState).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+  context.pageWindow.dispatchEvent(new Event("pageshow"));
+  jest.advanceTimersByTime(500);
+  await flush();
+  expect(context.state.setInitialState).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+  expect(context.buttonFunctions.markButtonsForVideo).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.js b/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.js
index 23d0241..d76a353 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent } from "./data-collection-permissions";
+import { getApiUrl } from "./config";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 
 const CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS = Object.freeze([
   "personallyIdentifyingInfo",
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ async function hasCoreDataPermission({ queryBackground = true } = {}) {
 }
 
 function requestCoreDataPermission() {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return Promise.resolve(false);
   if (!usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent()) return Promise.resolve(true);
   try {
     // Request directly in the explainer's click handler to preserve Firefox's user gesture.
@@ -72,6 +75,37 @@ function onCoreDataPermissionChanged(listener) {
 function fetchWithCoreConsent(input, options = {}, fetchImpl = globalThis.fetch) {
   if (!usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent()) return fetchImpl(input, options);
   return (async () => {
+    if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
+      const url = new URL(typeof input === "string" || input instanceof URL ? input : input.url);
+      const method = options.method ?? input?.method ?? "GET";
+      const allowedKeys = url.pathname === "/votes" ? ["videoId", "likeCount"] : [];
+      let allowedQuery = true;
+      // Firefox content-script wrappers do not expose URLSearchParams iterators.
+      url.searchParams.forEach((value, key) => {
+        if (!allowedKeys.includes(key)) allowedQuery = false;
+      });
+      if (
+        url.origin !== new URL(getApiUrl()).origin ||
+        !["/votes", "/configs/selectors"].includes(url.pathname) ||
+        method.toUpperCase() !== "GET" ||
+        url.username ||
+        url.password ||
+        !allowedQuery ||
+        options.body != null ||
+        input?.body != null
+      )
+        throw new Error("Only count display is available in private windows.");
+      input = url.href;
+      options = {
+        method: "GET",
+        headers: { Accept: "application/json" },
+        credentials: "omit",
+        cache: "no-store",
+        redirect: "error",
+        referrerPolicy: "no-referrer",
+        signal: options.signal,
+      };
+    }
     const controller = new AbortController();
     const abort = () => controller.abort();
     const unsubscribe = onCoreDataPermissionChanged((granted) => {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.spec.js
index 54be343..361d720 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/core-data-consent.spec.js
@@ -135,6 +135,75 @@ describe("optional Firefox core data consent", () => {
     expect(browser.runtime.onMessage.size()).toBe(0);
   });
 
+  test("private counts strip credentials and headers and disable caching and redirects", async () => {
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+    browser.extension = { inIncognitoContext: true };
+    const fetchImpl = jest.fn(async () => new Response('{"dislikes":42}'));
+    for (const path of ["/votes?videoId=abcdefghijk&likeCount=100", "/configs/selectors"]) {
+      const result = await fetchWithCoreConsent(
+        `https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com${path}`,
+        { credentials: "include", cache: "force-cache", headers: { Authorization: "synthetic-account-token" } },
+        fetchImpl,
+      );
+      expect(await result.json()).toEqual({ dislikes: 42 });
+      expect(fetchImpl.mock.calls.at(-1)[1]).toEqual(
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "GET",
+          credentials: "omit",
+          cache: "no-store",
+          redirect: "error",
+          referrerPolicy: "no-referrer",
+          headers: { Accept: "application/json" },
+        }),
+      );
+    }
+    expect(await requestCoreDataPermission()).toBe(false);
+    expect(browser.permissions.request).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test("private count checks work when Firefox blocks URLSearchParams iterators", async () => {
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+    browser.extension = { inIncognitoContext: true };
+    const keys = jest.spyOn(URLSearchParams.prototype, "keys").mockReturnValue({
+      [Symbol.iterator]() {
+        throw new TypeError("Iterator access denied");
+      },
+    });
+    try {
+      const fetchImpl = jest.fn(async () => new Response('{"dislikes":42}'));
+      const response = await fetchWithCoreConsent(
+        "https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com/votes?videoId=abcdefghijk&likeCount=100",
+        {},
+        fetchImpl,
+      );
+      expect(await response.json()).toEqual({ dislikes: 42 });
+      await expect(
+        fetchWithCoreConsent(
+          "https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com/votes?videoId=abcdefghijk&sessionToken=synthetic",
+          {},
+          fetchImpl,
+        ),
+      ).rejects.toThrow("count display");
+      expect(fetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    } finally {
+      keys.mockRestore();
+    }
+  });
+
+  test.each([
+    ["https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com/send", {}],
+    ["https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com/votes", { method: "POST" }],
+    ["https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com/votes?sessionToken=synthetic", {}],
+    ["https://returnyoutubedislikeapi.com/configs/selectors?videoId=abcdefghijk", {}],
+    ["https://api.example/votes", {}],
+  ])("private requests reject non-display operations: %s", async (url, options) => {
+    granted = [...CORE_DATA_PERMISSIONS];
+    browser.extension = { inIncognitoContext: true };
+    const fetchImpl = jest.fn();
+    await expect(fetchWithCoreConsent(url, options, fetchImpl)).rejects.toThrow("count display");
+    expect(fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   test("other browsers keep their normal fetch and do not request Firefox permissions", async () => {
     browser.runtime.getManifest = () => ({ manifest_version: 3 });
     const response = {};
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.js b/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.js
index ca217ec..cec6d62 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
+
 const AUTHENTICATION_DATA_PERMISSION = "authenticationInfo";
 const ACCOUNT_DATA_PERMISSIONS = Object.freeze([AUTHENTICATION_DATA_PERMISSION]);
 const AUTHENTICATION_DATA_DESCRIPTOR = Object.freeze({
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@ function queryBackgroundForAuthenticationDataPermission() {
 }
 
 function hasAuthenticationDataPermission({ queryBackground = true } = {}) {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return Promise.resolve(false);
   if (!usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent()) return Promise.resolve(true);
   const permissions = getPermissionsApi();
   if (!permissions) {
@@ -71,6 +74,7 @@ function hasAuthenticationDataPermission({ queryBackground = true } = {}) {
 }
 
 function requestAuthenticationDataPermission() {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return Promise.resolve(false);
   if (!usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent()) return Promise.resolve(true);
 
   // Keep this direct request as the first operation in the login click stack.
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.spec.js
index ddb791a..46158f1 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/data-collection-permissions.spec.js
@@ -56,6 +56,21 @@ describe("Firefox data-collection permissions", () => {
     expect(request).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  it("private windows cannot query or request account consent", async () => {
+    global.browser = {
+      extension: { inIncognitoContext: true },
+      runtime: { getManifest: () => firefoxManifest, sendMessage: jest.fn() },
+      permissions: { request: jest.fn(), getAll: jest.fn() },
+    };
+    await expect(hasAuthenticationDataPermission()).resolves.toBe(false);
+    await expect(requestAuthenticationDataPermission()).resolves.toBe(false);
+    expect(browser.permissions.getAll).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(browser.permissions.request).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    delete browser.permissions;
+    await expect(hasAuthenticationDataPermission()).resolves.toBe(false);
+    expect(browser.runtime.sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it.each([{}, { data_collection: [] }, { data_collection: ["financialAndPaymentInfo"] }])(
     "does not accept a successful request without a recorded authentication grant: %j",
     async (grantedPermissions) => {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.js
index 12bfac6..20c054a 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { HubConnectionBuilder, HttpTransportType, LogLevel } from "@microsoft/signalr";
 import { createVoteClient, solvePuzzle } from "../../common/vote-client";
 import { discussionConfig } from "./discussion-config";
+import { isFirefoxExtension, isNormalMessageSender } from "./private-browsing";
 
 const ANONYMOUS_SESSION = Object.freeze({
   authenticated: false,
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ export function createDiscussionBackground({
   api,
   voteClient,
   fetchImpl = (...args) => fetch(...args),
+  accountFetchImpl = fetchImpl,
   hasConsent = async () => true,
   settings = discussionConfig,
   connectionFactory = createConnection,
@@ -303,7 +305,7 @@ export function createDiscussionBackground({
     scope?.controllers.add(controller);
     const timeout = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), 20000);
     try {
-      const response = await fetchImpl(`${origin}/api/discussion${path}`, {
+      const response = await (auth ? accountFetchImpl : fetchImpl)(`${origin}/api/discussion${path}`, {
         method,
         credentials: "omit",
         cache: "no-store",
@@ -359,22 +361,58 @@ export function createDiscussionBackground({
       type === "toast" ? { active: true, lastFocusedWindow: true } : {},
     );
     if (expected !== generation || stopped) return;
-    const targets = (tabs || []).filter((tab) => isYouTubePage(tab.url));
+    const firefox = isFirefoxExtension(api);
+    const targets = (tabs || []).filter((tab) => isYouTubePage(tab.url) && (!firefox || tab.incognito === false));
     await Promise.allSettled(
       (type === "toast" ? targets.slice(0, 1) : targets).map((tab) =>
         callBrowser(api, api.tabs, "sendMessage", tab.id, message),
       ),
     );
     if (type !== "toast" && expected === generation) {
-      await callBrowser(api, api.runtime, "sendMessage", message).catch(() => {});
+      if (firefox) {
+        try {
+          const extensionUrl = api.runtime.getURL("");
+          for (const view of api.extension?.getViews?.() || []) {
+            try {
+              if (
+                view.browser?.extension?.inIncognitoContext === false &&
+                view.location?.href?.startsWith(extensionUrl)
+              )
+                view.dispatchEvent(new view.CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: structuredClone(message) }));
+            } catch (_) {}
+          }
+        } catch (_) {}
+      } else {
+        await callBrowser(api, api.runtime, "sendMessage", message).catch(() => {});
+      }
     }
   }
 
+  function badgeText() {
+    return inbox.unreadCount ? String(Math.min(inbox.unreadCount, 99)) + (inbox.unreadCount > 99 ? "+" : "") : "";
+  }
+
+  async function updateTabBadge(tab, expected = generation) {
+    if (expected !== generation || stopped || tab?.incognito !== false || !Number.isInteger(tab.id)) return;
+    const action = api.action || api.browserAction;
+    await callBrowser(api, action, "setBadgeText", { tabId: tab.id, text: badgeText() }).catch(() => {});
+    if (expected === generation && !stopped)
+      await callBrowser(api, action, "setBadgeBackgroundColor", { tabId: tab.id, color: "#cc0000" }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+
   async function updateBadge(expected = generation) {
     if (expected !== generation || stopped) return;
     const action = api.action || api.browserAction;
+    if (isFirefoxExtension(api)) {
+      await callBrowser(api, action, "setBadgeText", { text: "" }).catch(() => {});
+      if (expected !== generation || stopped) return;
+      const tabs = await callBrowser(api, api.tabs, "query", {});
+      if (expected !== generation || stopped) return;
+      await Promise.allSettled((tabs || []).map((tab) => updateTabBadge(tab, expected)));
+      return;
+    }
     await callBrowser(api, action, "setBadgeText", {
-      text: inbox.unreadCount ? String(Math.min(inbox.unreadCount, 99)) + (inbox.unreadCount > 99 ? "+" : "") : "",
+      text: badgeText(),
     }).catch(() => {});
     if (expected === generation)
       await callBrowser(api, action, "setBadgeBackgroundColor", { color: "#cc0000" }).catch(() => {});
@@ -706,6 +744,7 @@ export function createDiscussionBackground({
 
   async function handleMessage(requestMessage, sender) {
     try {
+      if (!isNormalMessageSender(api, sender)) throw new DiscussionError("private_browsing");
       const { operation, payload, scope: scopeValue } = validateRequest(api, requestMessage, sender);
       const scope = scopeFor(scopeValue, sender);
       if (operation === "cancelScope") {
@@ -745,6 +784,11 @@ export function createDiscussionBackground({
   }
 
   function initialize() {
+    if (isFirefoxExtension(api)) {
+      api.tabs?.onCreated?.addListener((tab) => updateTabBadge(tab).catch(() => {}));
+      api.tabs?.onUpdated?.addListener((tabId, change, tab) => updateTabBadge(tab).catch(() => {}));
+      updateBadge().catch(() => {});
+    }
     api.tabs?.onRemoved?.addListener((tabId) => {
       for (const [key, scope] of navigationScopes)
         if (scope.tabId === tabId) {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.spec.js
index 9bb1999..df5dd21 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion-background.spec.js
@@ -32,6 +32,17 @@ const deferred = () => {
   return { promise, resolve };
 };
 
+function extensionView(incognito, url = "moz-extension://extension-id/popup.html") {
+  return {
+    browser: { extension: { inIncognitoContext: incognito } },
+    location: { href: url },
+    CustomEvent: jest.fn(function (type, options) {
+      return { type, detail: options.detail };
+    }),
+    dispatchEvent: jest.fn(),
+  };
+}
+
 function storageArea(data = {}) {
   return {
     data,
@@ -47,16 +58,27 @@ function storageArea(data = {}) {
   };
 }
 
-function harness({ authenticated = false, consent = true, fetchOverride, testMode = false, solveOverride } = {}) {
+function harness({
+  authenticated = false,
+  consent = true,
+  fetchOverride,
+  accountFetchImpl,
+  testMode = false,
+  solveOverride,
+  firefox = false,
+  views = [],
+} = {}) {
   const sync = storageArea(authenticated ? { patreonAuthenticated: true, patreonSessionToken: "account-token" } : {});
   const local = storageArea();
   let alarmListener;
   const api = {
     runtime: {
       id: "extension-id",
-      getURL: (path) => `chrome-extension://extension-id/${path}`,
+      getURL: (path) => `${firefox ? "moz" : "chrome"}-extension://extension-id/${path}`,
+      getManifest: () => (firefox ? { browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } } : {}),
       sendMessage: jest.fn((message, callback) => callback?.()),
     },
+    extension: { getViews: jest.fn(() => views) },
     storage: { sync, local },
     action: {
       setBadgeText: jest.fn((value, callback) => callback?.()),
@@ -65,12 +87,14 @@ function harness({ authenticated = false, consent = true, fetchOverride, testMod
     tabs: {
       query: jest.fn((query, callback) =>
         callback([
-          { id: 1, url: sender.url },
-          { id: 2, url: sender.url },
-          { id: 3, url: "https://example.com/" },
+          { id: 1, url: sender.url, incognito: false },
+          { id: 2, url: sender.url, incognito: false },
+          { id: 3, url: "https://example.com/", incognito: false },
         ]),
       ),
       sendMessage: jest.fn((id, message, callback) => callback?.()),
+      onCreated: { addListener: jest.fn() },
+      onUpdated: { addListener: jest.fn() },
     },
     alarms: {
       create: jest.fn(),
@@ -168,6 +192,7 @@ function harness({ authenticated = false, consent = true, fetchOverride, testMod
     api,
     voteClient,
     fetchImpl,
+    accountFetchImpl,
     hasConsent: async () => consent,
     connectionFactory,
     solve: solveOverride || jest.fn(async () => ({ solution: "AAAAAA==" })),
@@ -206,7 +231,242 @@ function harness({ authenticated = false, consent = true, fetchOverride, testMod
   };
 }
 
+describe("Firefox private discussion isolation", () => {
+  const normalSender = { ...sender, tab: { ...sender.tab, incognito: false } };
+
+  test.each(["session", "capabilities", "comments", "react", "notifications", "cancelScope"])(
+    "rejects private %s before validation, account reads, or shared work",
+    async (operation) => {
+      const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true });
+      const source = { ...normalSender, tab: { ...normalSender.tab, incognito: true } };
+      expect(await h.send(operation, { invalid: true }, source)).toMatchObject({
+        ok: false,
+        error: { code: "private_browsing" },
+      });
+      expect(h.sync.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.local.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.voteClient.getRegisteredUser).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.voteClient.ensureRegistered).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.api.tabs.sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.api.action.setBadgeText).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+
+  test("rejects a tab whose normal browsing context cannot be verified", async () => {
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true });
+    expect(await h.send("session", {}, sender)).toMatchObject({ error: { code: "private_browsing" } });
+    expect(h.sync.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(h.fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test.each([true, undefined])(
+    "rejects a private or unverified extension view (%s) before account reads",
+    async (incognito) => {
+      const url = "moz-extension://extension-id/popup.html?rydContext=private-test-context";
+      const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true, views: [extensionView(incognito, url)] });
+      expect(await h.send("session", {}, { id: sender.id, url })).toMatchObject({
+        ok: false,
+        error: { code: "private_browsing" },
+      });
+      expect(h.sync.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(h.fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+
+  test("preserves account requests from a verified normal Firefox extension view", async () => {
+    const url = "moz-extension://extension-id/popup.html?rydContext=normal-test-context";
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true, views: [extensionView(false, url)] });
+    expect((await h.send("session", {}, { id: sender.id, url })).data.authenticated).toBe(true);
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+
+  test("delivers shared account events only to normal YouTube tabs and verified extension views", async () => {
+    const normal = extensionView(false);
+    const privateView = extensionView(true);
+    const unknown = extensionView(undefined);
+    const foreign = extensionView(false, "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=video123456");
+    const unavailable = extensionView(false);
+    unavailable.dispatchEvent.mockImplementation(() => {
+      throw new Error("View closed");
+    });
+    const h = harness({
+      authenticated: true,
+      firefox: true,
+      views: [privateView, unknown, foreign, unavailable, normal],
+    });
+    h.api.tabs.query.mockImplementation((query, done) =>
+      done([
+        { id: 2, url: sender.url, incognito: true },
+        { id: 1, url: sender.url, incognito: false },
+        { id: 3, url: sender.url },
+      ]),
+    );
+    expect((await h.send("session", {}, normalSender)).data.authenticated).toBe(true);
+    await flush();
+    expect(h.api.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(h.api.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.every(([tabId]) => tabId === 1)).toBe(true);
+    expect(
+      normal.dispatchEvent.mock.calls.some(
+        ([event]) => event.detail.type === "session" && event.detail.data.authenticated,
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true);
+    expect(
+      normal.dispatchEvent.mock.calls.some(
+        ([event]) => event.detail.type === "inbox" && event.detail.data.unreadCount === 1,
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true);
+    expect(normal.CustomEvent).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      "ryd-discussion-event",
+      expect.objectContaining({ detail: expect.any(Object) }),
+    );
+    for (const view of [privateView, unknown, foreign]) {
+      expect(view.CustomEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(view.dispatchEvent).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    }
+    expect(h.api.runtime.sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+
+  test("isolates each Firefox view's session and inbox mutations from the worker and other views", async () => {
+    const first = extensionView(false);
+    const second = extensionView(false);
+    first.dispatchEvent.mockImplementation(({ detail }) => {
+      if (detail.type === "session" && detail.data.profile) detail.data.profile.nickname = "Changed in one view";
+      if (detail.type === "inbox" && detail.data.items.length) {
+        detail.data.items[0].read = true;
+        detail.data.items[0].actorNickname = "Changed in one view";
+      }
+    });
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true, views: [first, second] });
+    const response = await h.send("session", {}, normalSender);
+    await flush();
+    expect(response.data.profile.nickname).toBe("Tester");
+    expect((await h.send("session", {}, normalSender)).data.profile.nickname).toBe("Tester");
+    const sessionEvent = second.dispatchEvent.mock.calls.find(
+      ([event]) => event.detail.type === "session" && event.detail.data.authenticated,
+    )[0];
+    expect(sessionEvent.detail.data.profile.nickname).toBe("Tester");
+    const inboxEvent = second.dispatchEvent.mock.calls.find(
+      ([event]) => event.detail.type === "inbox" && event.detail.data.items.length,
+    )[0];
+    expect(inboxEvent.detail.data.items[0]).toMatchObject({ read: false, actorNickname: null });
+    expect(h.local.data.discussionState.items[0]).toMatchObject({ read: false, actorNickname: null });
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+
+  test("never falls back to global runtime account events when extension views are unavailable", async () => {
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true });
+    h.api.extension.getViews.mockImplementation(() => {
+      throw new Error("Unavailable");
+    });
+    expect((await h.send("session", {}, normalSender)).data.authenticated).toBe(true);
+    await flush();
+    expect(h.api.runtime.sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(h.api.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.some(([, event]) => event.type === "inbox")).toBe(true);
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+
+  test("does not send account toasts to an active private YouTube tab", async () => {
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true });
+    h.api.tabs.query.mockImplementation((query, done) =>
+      done(
+        query.active ? [{ id: 2, url: sender.url, incognito: true }] : [{ id: 1, url: sender.url, incognito: false }],
+      ),
+    );
+    await h.send("session", {}, normalSender);
+    await flush();
+    h.setInbox({
+      items: [{ ...h.notification, revision: "2", likeCount: 2 }],
+      unreadCount: 1,
+      revision: "2",
+      nextCursor: null,
+    });
+    h.sockets[0].handlers.NotificationsChanged({ revision: "2" });
+    await flush();
+    await flush();
+    expect(h.api.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.some(([, event]) => event.type === "toast")).toBe(false);
+    expect(h.api.tabs.sendMessage.mock.calls.some(([tabId]) => tabId === 2)).toBe(false);
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+
+  test("keeps the default badge empty and applies account counts only to normal tabs, including new tabs", async () => {
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true, firefox: true });
+    h.api.tabs.query.mockImplementation((query, done) =>
+      done([
+        { id: 1, url: sender.url, incognito: false },
+        { id: 2, url: sender.url, incognito: true },
+        { id: 3, url: "https://example.com/", incognito: false },
+        { id: 4, url: sender.url },
+      ]),
+    );
+    h.client.initialize();
+    await flush();
+    await flush();
+    const badgeValues = h.api.action.setBadgeText.mock.calls.map(([value]) => value);
+    expect(badgeValues).toContainEqual({ text: "" });
+    expect(badgeValues).toContainEqual({ tabId: 1, text: "1" });
+    expect(badgeValues).toContainEqual({ tabId: 3, text: "1" });
+    expect(
+      badgeValues.every((value) => (value.tabId === undefined ? value.text === "" : [1, 3].includes(value.tabId))),
+    ).toBe(true);
+    expect(h.api.action.setBadgeBackgroundColor.mock.calls.every(([value]) => [1, 3].includes(value.tabId))).toBe(true);
+
+    h.api.action.setBadgeText.mockClear();
+    h.api.action.setBadgeBackgroundColor.mockClear();
+    const created = h.api.tabs.onCreated.addListener.mock.calls[0][0];
+    const updated = h.api.tabs.onUpdated.addListener.mock.calls[0][0];
+    await created({ id: 5, incognito: true });
+    await updated(5, {}, { id: 5, incognito: true });
+    await created({ id: 6 });
+    expect(h.api.action.setBadgeText).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(h.api.action.setBadgeBackgroundColor).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    await created({ id: 7, incognito: false });
+    await updated(8, {}, { id: 8, incognito: false });
+    expect(h.api.action.setBadgeText.mock.calls.map(([value]) => value)).toEqual([
+      { tabId: 7, text: "1" },
+      { tabId: 8, text: "1" },
+    ]);
+    h.client.clearSession();
+    await flush();
+    expect(h.api.action.setBadgeText).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ tabId: 1, text: "" }, expect.any(Function));
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+
+  test("preserves non-Firefox incognito discussion requests and global account updates", async () => {
+    const h = harness({ authenticated: true });
+    const response = await h.send("session", {}, { ...sender, tab: { ...sender.tab, incognito: true } });
+    expect(response.data.authenticated).toBe(true);
+    await flush();
+    expect(
+      h.api.runtime.sendMessage.mock.calls.some(([event]) => event.type === "session" && event.data.authenticated),
+    ).toBe(true);
+    expect(h.api.action.setBadgeText).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ text: "1" }, expect.any(Function));
+    expect(h.api.extension.getViews).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    h.client.stop();
+  });
+});
+
 describe("discussion worker boundary", () => {
+  test("authenticated discussion traffic uses the account guard while anonymous reads keep their ordinary path", async () => {
+    const accountFetchImpl = jest.fn(async () => {
+      throw new Error("Authentication data consent required.");
+    });
+    const authenticated = harness({ authenticated: true, accountFetchImpl });
+    expect((await authenticated.send("session")).ok).toBe(false);
+    expect(accountFetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      `${ORIGIN}/api/discussion/me`,
+      expect.objectContaining({ headers: expect.objectContaining({ Authorization: "Bearer account-token" }) }),
+    );
+    expect(authenticated.fetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    accountFetchImpl.mockClear();
+    const anonymous = harness({ accountFetchImpl });
+    expect((await anonymous.send("comments", { videoId: VIDEO_ID, sort: "new" })).ok).toBe(true);
+    expect(anonymous.fetchImpl).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(accountFetchImpl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   test("public comments do not create a voter identity before the first reaction", async () => {
     const h = harness();
     h.voteClient.getRegisteredUser.mockResolvedValue(null);
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client-content.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client-content.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3377bbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client-content.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * @jest-environment jsdom
+ * @jest-environment-options {"url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abcdefghijk"}
+ */
+import { subscribeDiscussionEvents } from "./client";
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  delete global.browser;
+});
+
+test("Firefox content clients ignore page-level account events and retain tab messages", () => {
+  const onMessage = { addListener: jest.fn(), removeListener: jest.fn() };
+  global.browser = {
+    extension: { inIncognitoContext: false },
+    runtime: {
+      getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } }),
+      getURL: (path) => `moz-extension://extension-id/${path}`,
+      onMessage,
+    },
+  };
+  const callback = jest.fn();
+  const unsubscribe = subscribeDiscussionEvents(callback);
+  const message = { message: "ryd_discussion_event", type: "session", data: { authenticated: true } };
+  window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: message }));
+  expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  const receive = onMessage.addListener.mock.calls[0][0];
+  receive(message);
+  expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(message);
+  unsubscribe();
+  expect(onMessage.removeListener).toHaveBeenCalledWith(receive);
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.js
index 428e576..094a9fe 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.js
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+import { isFirefoxExtension, isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "../private-browsing";
+
 function runtimeApi() {
   return typeof chrome !== "undefined" ? chrome.runtime : globalThis.browser?.runtime;
 }
 
 export function requestDiscussion(operation, payload = {}, scope) {
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
+      reject(Object.assign(new Error("Discussion service unavailable"), { code: "private_browsing" }));
+      return;
+    }
     const runtime = runtimeApi();
     if (!runtime?.sendMessage) {
       reject(Object.assign(new Error("Discussion service unavailable"), { code: "unavailable" }));
@@ -79,6 +85,22 @@ export function createDiscussionRequestScope(videoId, request = requestDiscussio
 }
 
 export function subscribeDiscussionEvents(listener) {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return () => {};
+  const api = typeof browser !== "undefined" ? browser : globalThis.chrome;
+  const extensionUrl = api?.runtime?.getURL?.("");
+  if (
+    isFirefoxExtension(api) &&
+    typeof window !== "undefined" &&
+    window.location.protocol === "moz-extension:" &&
+    extensionUrl &&
+    window.location.href.startsWith(extensionUrl)
+  ) {
+    const receive = (event) => {
+      if (event.detail?.message === "ryd_discussion_event") listener(event.detail);
+    };
+    window.addEventListener("ryd-discussion-event", receive);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener("ryd-discussion-event", receive);
+  }
   const event = runtimeApi()?.onMessage;
   const receive = (message) => {
     if (message?.message === "ryd_discussion_event") listener(message);
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.spec.js
index a76e93c..c65184a 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/client.spec.js
@@ -1,8 +1,93 @@
-/** @jest-environment jsdom */
+/**
+ * @jest-environment jsdom
+ * @jest-environment-options {"url":"moz-extension://extension-id/popup.html"}
+ */
 import { createDiscussionRequestScope, requestDiscussion, subscribeDiscussionEvents } from "./client";
 
+function firefoxApi(incognito = false) {
+  return {
+    extension: { inIncognitoContext: incognito },
+    runtime: {
+      getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } }),
+      getURL: (path) => `moz-extension://extension-id/${path}`,
+      sendMessage: jest.fn((message, done) => done({ ok: true, data: { authenticated: true } })),
+      onMessage: { addListener: jest.fn(), removeListener: jest.fn() },
+    },
+  };
+}
+
 afterEach(() => {
   delete global.chrome;
+  delete global.browser;
+});
+
+test("private Firefox requests fail before reaching the shared runtime", async () => {
+  global.browser = firefoxApi(true);
+  await expect(requestDiscussion("session")).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "private_browsing" });
+  await expect(requestDiscussion("comments", { videoId: "abcdefghijk" })).rejects.toMatchObject({
+    code: "private_browsing",
+  });
+  expect(global.browser.runtime.sendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test("private Firefox clients do not subscribe to either account event channel", () => {
+  global.browser = firefoxApi(true);
+  const addEventListener = jest.spyOn(window, "addEventListener");
+  const callback = jest.fn();
+  const unsubscribe = subscribeDiscussionEvents(callback);
+  window.dispatchEvent(
+    new CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: { message: "ryd_discussion_event", type: "inbox" } }),
+  );
+  expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(global.browser.runtime.onMessage.addListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(addEventListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  unsubscribe();
+  addEventListener.mockRestore();
+});
+
+test("normal Firefox requests retain the runtime request channel", async () => {
+  global.browser = firefoxApi();
+  await expect(requestDiscussion("session")).resolves.toEqual({ authenticated: true });
+  expect(global.browser.runtime.sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+});
+
+test("normal Firefox extension pages receive account events from their own view and unsubscribe", () => {
+  global.browser = firefoxApi();
+  const callback = jest.fn();
+  const unsubscribe = subscribeDiscussionEvents(callback);
+  window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: { message: "unrelated" } }));
+  expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  const data = { message: "ryd_discussion_event", type: "inbox", data: { unreadCount: 3 } };
+  window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: data }));
+  expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(data);
+  expect(global.browser.runtime.onMessage.addListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  unsubscribe();
+  window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: data }));
+  expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+});
+
+test("does not accept view events on a different extension's page", () => {
+  global.browser = firefoxApi();
+  global.browser.runtime.getURL = (path) => `moz-extension://different-extension/${path}`;
+  const callback = jest.fn();
+  const unsubscribe = subscribeDiscussionEvents(callback);
+  window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("ryd-discussion-event", { detail: { message: "ryd_discussion_event" } }));
+  expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  const receive = global.browser.runtime.onMessage.addListener.mock.calls[0][0];
+  const message = { message: "ryd_discussion_event", type: "session", data: { authenticated: false } };
+  receive(message);
+  expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(message);
+  unsubscribe();
+  expect(global.browser.runtime.onMessage.removeListener).toHaveBeenCalledWith(receive);
+});
+
+test("preserves non-Firefox private request behavior", async () => {
+  global.chrome = {
+    extension: { inIncognitoContext: true },
+    runtime: { getManifest: () => ({}), sendMessage: jest.fn((message, done) => done({ ok: true, data: {} })) },
+  };
+  await expect(requestDiscussion("session")).resolves.toEqual({});
+  expect(global.chrome.runtime.sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
 });
 
 test("uses a typed worker envelope and returns only the response data", async () => {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.js
index 0827488..a0d5728 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.js
@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@ import { discussionLanguage, discussionText as t } from "./localize";
 import { createDiscussionPanel } from "./panel";
 import { showDiscussionToast } from "./inbox";
 import { button, element, discussionLinkTarget, isDiscussionCommentId } from "./dom";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "../private-browsing";
 
 let installed = null;
 
 export function initDiscussion({ request = requestDiscussion } = {}) {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return null;
   if (installed) return installed;
   let panel = null;
   let panelScope = null;
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.spec.js
index 8a0dcdd..be88265 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/index.spec.js
@@ -3,7 +3,13 @@
  * @jest-environment-options {"url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abcdefghijk"}
  */
 
+jest.mock("../private-browsing", () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual("../private-browsing"),
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
 import { initDiscussion } from "./index";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "../private-browsing";
 import { NATIVE_STATE_REQUEST, NATIVE_STATE_ATTRIBUTE } from "./detector";
 import { threadUrl } from "./dom";
 import { discussionText } from "./localize";
@@ -20,6 +26,7 @@ let listener;
 let eventListener;
 
 beforeEach(() => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(false);
   jest.useFakeTimers();
   document.body.innerHTML = `<ytd-watch-flexy video-id="${VIDEO}"><ytd-comments></ytd-comments></ytd-watch-flexy>`;
   window.history.replaceState({}, "", `/watch?v=${VIDEO}`);
@@ -42,6 +49,24 @@ beforeEach(() => {
     );
   document.addEventListener(NATIVE_STATE_REQUEST, listener, true);
 });
+
+test("private discussion initialization creates no requests, bridge, UI or subscriptions", () => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+  const privateRequest = jest.fn();
+  const append = jest.spyOn(document.head, "append");
+  const timer = jest.spyOn(global, "setInterval");
+  try {
+    expect(initDiscussion({ request: privateRequest })).toBeNull();
+    expect(privateRequest).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(append).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(timer).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(document.querySelector(".ryd-discussion-panel")).toBeNull();
+    expect(eventListener).toBeUndefined();
+  } finally {
+    append.mockRestore();
+    timer.mockRestore();
+  }
+});
 afterEach(() => {
   feature?.destroy();
   document.removeEventListener(NATIVE_STATE_REQUEST, listener, true);
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.js
index 0f6b9c2..354a82a 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.js
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ export function createDiscussionPanel({
   let activeTab = "discussion";
   const drafts = new Map();
   const postingIds = new Map();
+  let draftGeneration = 0;
   const rootReplyHandlers = new Map();
   let moderationSequence = 0;
   let reportCursor = null;
@@ -237,6 +238,8 @@ export function createDiscussionPanel({
       if (submit.disabled) return;
       const text = input.value.trim();
       if (!text || text.length > maxLength) return;
+      const accountSnapshot = draftGeneration;
+      const stillCurrent = () => current() && accountSnapshot === draftGeneration;
       submit.disabled = true;
       input.disabled = true;
       message.textContent = t("saving");
@@ -247,7 +250,7 @@ export function createDiscussionPanel({
           ? { id: comment.id, text }
           : { videoId, text, requestId, ...(parentId ? { parentId, replyToId } : {}) };
         const result = await request(comment ? "editComment" : "createComment", payload);
-        if (!current()) return;
+        if (!stillCurrent()) return;
         drafts.delete(key);
         postingIds.delete(key);
         if (onSaved) onSaved(result);
@@ -258,9 +261,9 @@ export function createDiscussionPanel({
           await load();
         }
       } catch (error) {
-        if (current()) message.textContent = discussionError(error);
+        if (stillCurrent()) message.textContent = discussionError(error);
       } finally {
-        if (current()) {
+        if (stillCurrent()) {
           input.disabled = false;
           submit.disabled = !input.value.trim();
         }
@@ -676,6 +679,11 @@ export function createDiscussionPanel({
     setSession(next) {
       const previousIdentity = session.authenticated ? session.profile?.id || "authenticated" : "anonymous";
       const nextIdentity = next?.authenticated ? next.profile?.id || "authenticated" : "anonymous";
+      if (previousIdentity !== nextIdentity) {
+        draftGeneration++;
+        drafts.clear();
+        postingIds.clear();
+      }
       accountGeneration++;
       moderationSequence++;
       session = next || SIGNED_OUT;
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.spec.js
index 05ce6a0..ad4f410 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/panel.spec.js
@@ -3,6 +3,101 @@
 import { createDiscussionPanel } from "./panel";
 import { discussionText } from "./localize";
 
+const otherSession = {
+  authenticated: true,
+  canPost: true,
+  isModerator: false,
+  profile: { id: "55555555-5555-4555-8555-555555555555", nickname: "Other writer" },
+};
+
+function identityForm(root, kind) {
+  if (kind === "root") return root.querySelector(".ryd-discussion-composer form");
+  root.querySelector(`[data-action='${kind === "edit" ? "edit" : "reply"}']`).click();
+  return root.querySelector(".ryd-discussion-inline-editor form");
+}
+
+function typeIdentityDraft(form, text) {
+  const input = form.querySelector("textarea");
+  input.value = text;
+  input.dispatchEvent(new Event("input", { bubbles: true }));
+}
+
+test.each(["root", "reply", "edit"])("identity change discards the previous account's %s draft", async (kind) => {
+  const root = await mount({ session });
+  typeIdentityDraft(identityForm(root, kind), "Private draft for first account");
+  panel.setSession(otherSession);
+  await flush();
+  expect(root.querySelector(".ryd-discussion-composer textarea").value).toBe("");
+  expect(root.querySelector("[data-action='edit']")).toBeNull();
+  panel.setSession(session);
+  await flush();
+  expect(identityForm(root, kind).querySelector("textarea").value).toBe(kind === "edit" ? "First comment" : "");
+});
+
+test("logout prevents a root draft returning after signing in again", async () => {
+  const root = await mount({ session });
+  typeIdentityDraft(identityForm(root, "root"), "First account draft");
+  panel.setSession({ authenticated: false, canPost: false, profile: null });
+  await flush();
+  panel.setSession(session);
+  await flush();
+  expect(identityForm(root, "root").querySelector("textarea").value).toBe("");
+});
+
+test("same-account refresh preserves a failed submission's retry ID", async () => {
+  Object.defineProperty(globalThis.crypto, "randomUUID", {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: jest
+      .fn()
+      .mockReturnValueOnce("44444444-4444-4444-8444-444444444444")
+      .mockReturnValue("66666666-6666-4666-8666-666666666666"),
+  });
+  const root = await mount({ session });
+  request.mockRejectedValueOnce({ code: "unavailable" });
+  submit(identityForm(root, "root"), "Retry my own draft");
+  await flush();
+  panel.setSession({ ...session });
+  await flush();
+  request.mockResolvedValueOnce(comment({ text: "Retry my own draft" }));
+  identityForm(root, "root").dispatchEvent(new Event("submit", { bubbles: true, cancelable: true }));
+  await flush();
+  const creates = request.mock.calls.filter(([operation]) => operation === "createComment");
+  expect(creates).toHaveLength(2);
+  expect(creates[1][1].requestId).toBe(creates[0][1].requestId);
+});
+
+test.each(["root", "reply", "edit"])("same-account refresh preserves its %s draft", async (kind) => {
+  const root = await mount({ session });
+  typeIdentityDraft(identityForm(root, kind), "Keep my own draft");
+  panel.setSession({ ...session, profile: { ...session.profile } });
+  await flush();
+  expect(identityForm(root, kind).querySelector("textarea").value).toBe("Keep my own draft");
+});
+
+test.each(["root", "reply", "edit"])("old %s completion cannot clear a draft after A to B to A", async (kind) => {
+  const root = await mount({ session });
+  let finish;
+  const operation = kind === "edit" ? "editComment" : "createComment";
+  request.mockImplementation((name) => {
+    if (name === operation)
+      return new Promise((resolve) => {
+        finish = resolve;
+      });
+    return Promise.resolve({ items: [comment()], nextCursor: null });
+  });
+  submit(identityForm(root, kind), "Old pending submission");
+  panel.setSession(otherSession);
+  await flush();
+  panel.setSession(session);
+  await flush();
+  typeIdentityDraft(identityForm(root, kind), "New draft after returning");
+  finish(comment({ ...(kind === "reply" ? { id: REPLY, parentId: ROOT } : {}), text: "Old pending submission" }));
+  await flush();
+  panel.setSession({ ...session });
+  await flush();
+  expect(identityForm(root, kind).querySelector("textarea").value).toBe("New draft after returning");
+});
+
 const VIDEO = "abcdefghijk";
 const ROOT = "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111";
 const REPLY = "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222";
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.js
index e9ea8de..916b435 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.js
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ import { requestDiscussion, subscribeDiscussionEvents } from "./client";
 import { createDiscussionInbox } from "./inbox";
 import { discussionText as t } from "./localize";
 import { button, element } from "./dom";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "../private-browsing";
 
 export function initDiscussionPopup() {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return;
   const root = document.getElementById("ryd-discussion-popup");
   if (!root) return;
   if (!document.documentElement.lang && chrome.i18n?.getUILanguage)
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.spec.js
index 32c8c50..2d27007 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/discussion/popup.spec.js
@@ -111,6 +111,29 @@ test("a shared inbox update preserves the current screen and its navigation", as
   expect(document.activeElement).toBe(toggle);
 });
 
+test("private Firefox popup initialization does not request or subscribe to account data", async () => {
+  await flush();
+  window.dispatchEvent(new Event("unload"));
+  document.body.innerHTML = new DOMParser().parseFromString(popupHtml, "text/html").body.innerHTML;
+  requestDiscussion.mockClear();
+  subscribeDiscussionEvents.mockClear();
+  global.browser = {
+    runtime: { getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } }) },
+    extension: { inIncognitoContext: true },
+  };
+  try {
+    initDiscussionPopup();
+    const privateRoot = document.getElementById("ryd-discussion-popup");
+    document.getElementById("ryd-discussion-inbox-toggle").click();
+    expect(privateRoot.hidden).toBe(true);
+    expect(privateRoot.childElementCount).toBe(0);
+    expect(requestDiscussion).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(subscribeDiscussionEvents).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  } finally {
+    delete global.browser;
+  }
+});
+
 test("Escape on the home screen leaves the popup unchanged", () => {
   const event = new KeyboardEvent("keydown", { key: "Escape", cancelable: true });
   document.dispatchEvent(event);
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/events.js b/Extensions/combined/src/events.js
index 9933b5d..e1269d3 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/events.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/events.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { logger } from "./logging";
 import { getBrowser, getVideoId, numberFormat, createObserver, querySelector } from "./utils";
 import {
   checkForSignInButton,
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import {
   storedData,
   refreshReactionPresentation,
   persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState,
+  updateDisableLogging,
 } from "./state";
 import { publishHideClutterButtons } from "./clutter-button-setting";
 import { createRateBar } from "./bar";
@@ -28,8 +30,10 @@ import {
 } from "../../common/vote-transition";
 import { resolveDelegatedVoteActivation } from "../../common/delegated-vote-activation";
 import { normalizeCustomColors, observeYouTubeTheme } from "../../common/color-themes";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 
 function sendVote(vote) {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return;
   if (shouldSubmitVote({ disableVoteSubmission: extConfig.disableVoteSubmission })) {
     const result = getBrowser().runtime.sendMessage({
       message: "send_vote",
@@ -69,6 +73,7 @@ function clearNativeLikeForSyntheticDislike(action, stateBeforeActivation, synth
 }
 
 function handleVoteAction(action) {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return;
   if (checkForSignInButton() === false) {
     const videoId = getVideoId(window.location.href);
     if (!videoId || storedData.videoId !== videoId) return;
@@ -150,6 +155,10 @@ function ensureDelegatedReactionListener() {
 
 function addLikeDislikeEventListener(likeButton = getLikeButton(), dislikeButton = getDislikeButton()) {
   if (!likeButton || !dislikeButton) return;
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
+    observeReactionPresentation(likeButton, dislikeButton);
+    return;
+  }
   ensureDelegatedReactionListener();
   observeReactionPresentation(likeButton, dislikeButton);
   if (!boundDislikeButtons.has(dislikeButton)) {
@@ -176,7 +185,7 @@ function createSmartimationObserver(buttons = getButtons()) {
 
   const smartimationContainer = querySelector(extConfig.selectors.buttons.smartimation, buttons);
   if (smartimationContainer && smartimationObserver.container != smartimationContainer) {
-    console.log("Initializing smartimation mutation observer");
+    logger.log("Initializing smartimation mutation observer");
     smartimationObserver.disconnect();
     smartimationObserver.observe(smartimationContainer);
     smartimationObserver.container = smartimationContainer;
@@ -184,6 +193,10 @@ function createSmartimationObserver(buttons = getButtons()) {
 }
 
 function storageChangeHandler(changes, area) {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return;
+  if (changes.disableLogging !== undefined && area === "sync") {
+    updateDisableLogging(changes.disableLogging.newValue);
+  }
   if (changes.disableVoteSubmission !== undefined) {
     handleDisableVoteSubmissionChangeEvent(changes.disableVoteSubmission.newValue);
   }
@@ -203,6 +216,16 @@ function storageChangeHandler(changes, area) {
   if (changes.numberDisplayFormat !== undefined) {
     handleNumberDisplayFormatChangeEvent(changes.numberDisplayFormat.newValue);
   }
+  if (area === "sync" && (changes.showTooltipPercentage !== undefined || changes.tooltipPercentageMode !== undefined)) {
+    if (changes.showTooltipPercentage !== undefined) {
+      extConfig.showTooltipPercentage = changes.showTooltipPercentage.newValue ?? false;
+    }
+    if (changes.tooltipPercentageMode !== undefined) {
+      extConfig.tooltipPercentageMode = changes.tooltipPercentageMode.newValue || "dash_like";
+    }
+    const videoId = getVideoId(window.location.href);
+    if (videoId && storedData.videoId === videoId) createRateBar(storedData.likes, storedData.dislikes);
+  }
   if (changes.numberDisplayReformatLikes !== undefined) {
     handleNumberDisplayReformatLikesChangeEvent(changes.numberDisplayReformatLikes.newValue);
   }
@@ -249,6 +272,7 @@ function observeColorTheme() {
 function handleNumberDisplayFormatChangeEvent(value) {
   extConfig.numberDisplayFormat = value;
   refreshReactionPresentation();
+  updateDOMDislikes();
 }
 
 function handleNumberDisplayReformatLikesChangeEvent(value) {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/events.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/events.spec.js
index 70cd0f3..4548989 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/events.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/events.spec.js
@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@
 
 const mockSendMessage = jest.fn();
 
+jest.mock("./private-browsing", () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual("./private-browsing"),
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
 jest.mock("./utils", () => ({
   createObserver: () => ({ disconnect: jest.fn(), observe: jest.fn() }),
   getBrowser: jest.fn(),
@@ -19,7 +24,7 @@ jest.mock("./buttons", () => ({
   getDislikeButton: jest.fn(),
   getLikeButton: jest.fn(),
   getNativeButton: (control) => control?.querySelector("button[aria-pressed]"),
-  isSyntheticShortsDislike: () => false,
+  isSyntheticShortsDislike: jest.fn(() => false),
   setSyntheticShortsDislikePressed: jest.fn(),
 }));
 
@@ -32,6 +37,7 @@ jest.mock("./state", () => ({
   getLikeCountFromButton: jest.fn(),
   persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState: jest.fn(async () => undefined),
   setDislikes: jest.fn(),
+  updateDisableLogging: jest.fn(),
   setLikes: jest.fn(),
   refreshReactionPresentation: jest.fn(),
   storedData: { dislikes: 100, likes: 300, previousState: "neutral", videoId: "abcdefghijk" },
@@ -42,12 +48,23 @@ jest.mock("./bar", () => ({
 }));
 
 import { createRateBar } from "./bar";
-import { getButtons, getDislikeButton, getLikeButton } from "./buttons";
-import { extConfig, setDislikes, storedData } from "./state";
-import { addLikeDislikeEventListener, storageChangeHandler, updateDOMDislikes } from "./events";
+import { getButtons, getDislikeButton, getLikeButton, isSyntheticShortsDislike } from "./buttons";
+import { extConfig, persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState, setDislikes, storedData, updateDisableLogging } from "./state";
+import {
+  addLikeDislikeEventListener,
+  dislikeClicked,
+  likeClicked,
+  sendVote,
+  storageChangeHandler,
+  updateDOMDislikes,
+} from "./events";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 import { getBrowser } from "./utils";
 
 beforeEach(() => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(false);
+  isSyntheticShortsDislike.mockReturnValue(false);
+  extConfig.disableVoteSubmission = false;
   createRateBar.mockClear();
   setDislikes.mockClear();
   mockSendMessage.mockReset();
@@ -62,6 +79,47 @@ beforeEach(() => {
   history.replaceState({}, "", "/watch?v=abcdefghijk");
 });
 
+test.each([false, true])("private direct reactions do not alter counts or submit (disabled=%s)", (disabled) => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+  extConfig.disableVoteSubmission = disabled;
+  storedData.previousState = "LIKED_STATE";
+  const before = { ...storedData };
+  const likeButton = document.createElement("div");
+  const nativeLike = document.createElement("button");
+  const nativeLikeClick = jest.fn();
+  nativeLike.addEventListener("click", nativeLikeClick);
+  likeButton.append(nativeLike);
+  getLikeButton.mockReturnValue(likeButton);
+  isSyntheticShortsDislike.mockReturnValue(true);
+
+  sendVote(-1);
+  dislikeClicked();
+  likeClicked();
+
+  expect(mockSendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(nativeLikeClick).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(storedData).toEqual(before);
+  expect(setDislikes).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test("private native reactions keep their YouTube click behavior without local reaction changes", () => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+  const controls = createReactionControls("private");
+  document.body.replaceChildren(controls.buttons);
+  getButtons.mockReturnValue(controls.buttons);
+  getLikeButton.mockReturnValue(controls.likeButton);
+  getDislikeButton.mockReturnValue(controls.dislikeButton);
+  const nativeAction = jest.fn();
+  controls.nativeDislikeButton.addEventListener("click", nativeAction);
+  const before = { ...storedData };
+  addLikeDislikeEventListener(controls.likeButton, controls.dislikeButton);
+  controls.nativeDislikeButton.click();
+  expect(nativeAction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  expect(mockSendMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(storedData).toEqual(before);
+});
+
 test("renders cached counts only while they belong to the current video", () => {
   expect(updateDOMDislikes()).toBe(true);
   expect(setDislikes).toHaveBeenCalledWith("100");
@@ -84,6 +142,22 @@ test("does not render cached counts when the current URL has no video identity",
   expect(createRateBar).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
 });
 
+test.each([true, false, undefined])("applies live sync logging preference changes (%s)", (newValue) => {
+  storageChangeHandler({ disableLogging: { oldValue: !newValue, newValue } }, "sync");
+  expect(updateDisableLogging).toHaveBeenCalledWith(newValue);
+});
+
+test.each(["local", "session", "managed", undefined])("ignores logging preference events outside sync (%s)", (area) => {
+  storageChangeHandler({ disableLogging: { newValue: false } }, area);
+  expect(updateDisableLogging).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test("private tabs ignore normal logging preference changes", () => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+  storageChangeHandler({ disableLogging: { newValue: false } }, "sync");
+  expect(updateDisableLogging).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
 test("publishes hide-clutter setting changes to the page-world menu fixer", () => {
   storageChangeHandler({ hideClutterButtons: { newValue: true } }, "sync");
 
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/logging.js b/Extensions/combined/src/logging.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35fe3f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/logging.js
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+let loggingDisabled = false;
+
+export function setLoggingDisabled(value) {
+  loggingDisabled = value;
+}
+
+export const logger = {
+  log(...args) {
+    if (!loggingDisabled) console.log(...args);
+  },
+  debug(...args) {
+    if (!loggingDisabled) console.debug(...args);
+  },
+};
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/logging.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/logging.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..309d94b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/logging.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { logger, setLoggingDisabled } from "./logging";
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  setLoggingDisabled(false);
+  jest.restoreAllMocks();
+});
+
+test("suppresses only extension log/debug calls without changing the console", () => {
+  const methods = Object.fromEntries(
+    ["log", "debug", "info", "warn", "error"].map((name) => [
+      name,
+      jest.spyOn(console, name).mockImplementation(() => {}),
+    ]),
+  );
+  const payload = { count: 42 };
+
+  for (const disabled of [true, false, true, false]) {
+    Object.values(methods).forEach((method) => method.mockClear());
+    setLoggingDisabled(disabled);
+    logger.log("extension log", payload);
+    logger.debug("extension debug", payload);
+    for (const [name, method] of Object.entries(methods)) {
+      expect(console[name]).toBe(method);
+      console[name]("unrelated message");
+      const expectedCalls = !disabled && ["log", "debug"].includes(name) ? 2 : 1;
+      expect(method).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(expectedCalls);
+      expect(method).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith("unrelated message");
+      if (expectedCalls === 2) {
+        expect(method).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(1, `extension ${name}`, payload);
+        expect(method.mock.contexts[0]).toBe(console);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.js b/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.js
index 027f439..ce52a37 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { initPremiumAnalytics, teardownPremiumAnalytics, updatePremiumSession } from "./premiumAnalytics";
 import { initPremiumTeaser, setTeaserSuppressed, TEASER_SUPPRESSION_REASON_PREMIUM } from "./premiumAnalytics/teaser";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 import {
   hasAuthenticationDataPermission,
   onAuthenticationDataPermissionRemoved,
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ let patreonState = {
 };
 
 function initPatreonFeatures() {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return;
   initPremiumTeaser();
   let sessionGeneration = 0;
   const initialGeneration = sessionGeneration;
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.spec.js
index e19a35d..59c3aff 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/patreon.spec.js
@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ jest.mock("./data-collection-permissions", () => ({
   usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent: jest.fn(),
 }));
 
+jest.mock("./private-browsing", () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual("./private-browsing"),
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn(),
+}));
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
+
 import { initPatreonFeatures, patreonState } from "./patreon";
 
 const analyticsMocks = jest.requireMock("./premiumAnalytics");
@@ -32,6 +38,7 @@ describe("Patreon authentication consent", () => {
   let permissionRemovedListener;
 
   beforeEach(() => {
+    isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(false);
     jest.clearAllMocks();
     document.body.innerHTML = '<div class="ryd-premium-feature"></div>';
     patreonState.authenticated = false;
@@ -65,6 +72,19 @@ describe("Patreon authentication consent", () => {
     delete global.chrome;
   });
 
+  it("skips all private account reads, teasers and session listeners even when initialized directly", async () => {
+    isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+    consentMocks.hasAuthenticationDataPermission.mockResolvedValue(true);
+    initPatreonFeatures();
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(chrome.storage.sync.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(chrome.runtime.onMessage.addListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(consentMocks.hasAuthenticationDataPermission).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(consentMocks.onAuthenticationDataPermissionRemoved).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(jest.requireMock("./premiumAnalytics/teaser").initPremiumTeaser).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(analyticsMocks.initPremiumAnalytics).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it("does not read a cached token without authentication consent", async () => {
     initPatreonFeatures();
     await flushPromises();
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.js
index 15d7cd1..e34d5ca 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { setActivityBucketLabel } from "../panel";
 import { clampRangeToBounds, combineBounds, computeChartBounds, updateGlobalBounds } from "./time";
 import { toEpoch, sanitizeCount } from "../utils";
 import { localize } from "../../utils";
-import { getTextColor, getMutedTextColor, getBorderColor } from "../theme";
+import { getTextColor, getMutedTextColor, getBorderColor, getSurfaceColor } from "../theme";
 import { logRangeSelection, logTimeBounds } from "../logging";
 
 let activityTranslator = (key, substitutions) => localize(key, substitutions);
@@ -273,6 +273,28 @@ export function resizeActivityChart() {
   analyticsState.activityChart?.resize();
 }
 
+export function refreshActivityTheme() {
+  analyticsState.activityChart?.setOption({
+    legend: { textStyle: { color: getTextColor() } },
+    xAxis: {
+      axisLabel: { color: getMutedTextColor() },
+      axisLine: { lineStyle: { color: getBorderColor() } },
+    },
+    yAxis: {
+      axisLabel: { color: getMutedTextColor() },
+      splitLine: { lineStyle: { color: getBorderColor(0.35) } },
+    },
+    dataZoom: [
+      {
+        backgroundColor: getSurfaceColor(0.05, 0.05),
+        borderColor: getBorderColor(0.1),
+        textStyle: { color: getMutedTextColor() },
+        handleStyle: { color: getTextColor(), borderColor: getBorderColor(0.6) },
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+}
+
 export function disposeActivityChart() {
   if (analyticsState.activityChart) {
     analyticsState.activityChart.off?.("dataZoom", handleDataZoom);
@@ -297,8 +319,8 @@ function createDataZoom(bounds, selection) {
     xAxisIndex: 0,
     height: 18,
     bottom: 20,
-    backgroundColor: "rgba(255,255,255,0.05)",
-    borderColor: "rgba(255,255,255,0.1)",
+    backgroundColor: getSurfaceColor(0.05, 0.05),
+    borderColor: getBorderColor(0.1),
     textStyle: { color: getMutedTextColor() },
     handleStyle: { color: getTextColor(), borderColor: getBorderColor(0.6) },
     realtime: true,
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.spec.js
index 85072b4..edb269f 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/index.spec.js
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ jest.mock("../theme", () => ({
   getTextColor: jest.fn(() => "#111111"),
   getMutedTextColor: jest.fn(() => "#222222"),
   getBorderColor: jest.fn(() => "#333333"),
+  getSurfaceColor: jest.fn(() => "#444444"),
 }));
 
 jest.mock("../logging", () => ({
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ import {
   clearActivityChart,
   resetChartZoom,
   resizeActivityChart,
+  refreshActivityTheme,
   disposeActivityChart,
   registerZoomSelectionListener,
   setActivityTranslator,
@@ -134,6 +136,34 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.activity", () => {
     jest.restoreAllMocks();
   });
 
+  it("refreshes only chart colors while keeping the selected range and series", () => {
+    const theme = jest.requireMock("../theme");
+    theme.getTextColor.mockReturnValue("#111111");
+    theme.getMutedTextColor.mockReturnValue("#222222");
+    theme.getBorderColor.mockReturnValue("#333333");
+    theme.getSurfaceColor.mockReturnValue("#444444");
+    const chart = ensureActivityChart();
+    analyticsState.selectionRange = { from: 10, to: 20 };
+    const points = [{ timestampUtc: "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z", likes: 4, dislikes: 1 }];
+    analyticsState.latestSeriesPoints = points;
+    refreshActivityTheme();
+    expect(chart.setOption).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        legend: { textStyle: { color: "#111111" } },
+        xAxis: expect.objectContaining({ axisLabel: { color: "#222222" } }),
+        yAxis: expect.objectContaining({ axisLabel: { color: "#222222" } }),
+        dataZoom: [expect.objectContaining({ backgroundColor: "#444444" })],
+      }),
+    );
+    const update = chart.setOption.mock.calls.at(-1)[0];
+    expect(update).not.toHaveProperty("series");
+    expect(update.dataZoom[0]).not.toHaveProperty("startValue");
+    expect(update.dataZoom[0]).not.toHaveProperty("endValue");
+    expect(analyticsState.selectionRange).toEqual({ from: 10, to: 20 });
+    expect(analyticsState.latestSeriesPoints).toBe(points);
+    expect(chart.dispatchAction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it("initializes and caches the chart", () => {
     const chart = ensureActivityChart();
 
@@ -162,7 +192,6 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.activity", () => {
     expect(logging.logRangeSelection).toHaveBeenCalled();
     expect(analyticsState.latestSeriesPoints).toHaveLength(2);
     expect(analyticsState.selectionRange.from).toBeLessThanOrEqual(analyticsState.selectionRange.to);
-
   });
 
   it("updates the bucket label when rendering", () => {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/layout.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/layout.spec.js
index 8e54844..5f444fd 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/layout.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/activity/layout.spec.js
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ jest.mock("../theme", () => ({
   getTextColor: () => "#ffffff",
   getMutedTextColor: () => "#b3b3b3",
   getBorderColor: () => "#444444",
+  getSurfaceColor: () => "rgba(255,255,255,0.06)",
 }));
 jest.mock("../logging", () => ({ logRangeSelection: jest.fn(), logTimeBounds: jest.fn() }));
 
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/index.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/index.spec.js
index 77c469a..f5579f3 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/index.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/index.spec.js
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ jest.mock("../config", () => ({
 
 jest.mock("../data-collection-permissions", () => ({
   hasAuthenticationDataPermission: jest.fn(),
+  onAuthenticationDataPermissionRemoved: () => () => {},
   usesFirefoxDataCollectionConsent: jest.fn(),
 }));
 
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ jest.mock("./activity", () => ({
   clearActivityChart: jest.fn(),
   resetChartZoom: jest.fn(),
   resizeActivityChart: jest.fn(),
+  refreshActivityTheme: jest.fn(),
   disposeActivityChart: jest.fn(),
   registerZoomSelectionListener: jest.fn(),
 }));
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ jest.mock("./activity", () => ({
 jest.mock("./map", () => ({
   ensureMapChart: jest.fn(),
   renderMap: jest.fn(),
+  refreshMapTheme: jest.fn(),
   clearMapChart: jest.fn(),
   resizeMapChart: jest.fn(),
   disposeMapChart: jest.fn(),
@@ -210,10 +213,36 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics", () => {
   });
 
   afterEach(() => {
+    teardownPremiumAnalytics();
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
     delete global.fetch;
     delete global.chrome;
   });
 
+  it("repaints existing charts after a host theme toggle without fetching or changing the selected range", async () => {
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    initPremiumAnalytics();
+    await flushPromises();
+    analyticsState.selectionRange = { from: 10, to: 20 };
+    analyticsState.mapView = "us";
+    fetch.mockClear();
+    activityMocks.refreshActivityTheme.mockClear();
+    mapMocks.refreshMapTheme.mockClear();
+    mockRenderMap.mockClear();
+    document.documentElement.setAttribute("dark", "");
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(activityMocks.refreshActivityTheme).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(mapMocks.refreshMapTheme).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(mockRenderMap).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(analyticsState.selectionRange).toEqual({ from: 10, to: 20 });
+    expect(analyticsState.mapView).toBe("us");
+    teardownPremiumAnalytics();
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(activityMocks.refreshActivityTheme).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
   it("initializes only once and wires listeners", () => {
     initPremiumAnalytics();
     expect(mockConfigurePanelCallbacks).toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -461,6 +490,27 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics", () => {
     expect(firstUrl).toBe(secondUrl);
   });
 
+  it("restores a preset when a custom selection rounds to the same number of days", async () => {
+    mockGetApiEndpoint.mockImplementation((path) => `https://api.example${path}`);
+    initPremiumAnalytics();
+    const callbacks = mockConfigurePanelCallbacks.mock.calls.at(-1)[0];
+    analyticsState.currentVideoId = "abcdefghijk";
+    analyticsState.currentRange = 30;
+    analyticsState.usingCustomRange = true;
+    analyticsState.customSelection = { from: 10, to: 20 };
+    analyticsState.selectionRange = { from: 10, to: 20 };
+    fetch.mockClear();
+
+    callbacks.onRangePreset(30);
+
+    expect(analyticsState.usingCustomRange).toBe(false);
+    expect(analyticsState.customSelection).toBeNull();
+    expect(analyticsState.selectionRange).toEqual({ from: null, to: null });
+    await flushPromises();
+    expect(fetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(new URL(fetch.mock.calls[0][0]).searchParams.has("selectedRangeStartUtc")).toBe(false);
+  });
+
   it("defers chart zoom resets until preset data arrives", () => {
     initPremiumAnalytics();
     const callbacks = mockConfigurePanelCallbacks.mock.calls.at(-1)?.[0];
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/lifecycle.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/lifecycle.js
index a508a69..78e205f 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/lifecycle.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/lifecycle.js
@@ -7,8 +7,13 @@ import {
   updateModeButtons,
   applyChartExpansionState,
 } from "./panel";
-import { resizeActivityChart, disposeActivityChart, registerZoomSelectionListener } from "./activity";
-import { renderMap, resizeMapChart, disposeMapChart } from "./map";
+import {
+  resizeActivityChart,
+  disposeActivityChart,
+  registerZoomSelectionListener,
+  refreshActivityTheme,
+} from "./activity";
+import { renderMap, resizeMapChart, disposeMapChart, refreshMapTheme } from "./map";
 import { debounce } from "./utils";
 import { getVideoId } from "../utils";
 
@@ -16,12 +21,18 @@ import { MS_PER_DAY, EXPANDABLE_SECTIONS } from "./constants";
 import { requestAnalytics, scheduleSelectionFetch, normalizeSelection } from "./requests";
 import { setTeaserSuppressed, TEASER_SUPPRESSION_REASON_PREMIUM } from "./teaser";
 import { showTierNotice, hideTierNotice } from "./tierNotice";
+import { observeTheme } from "./theme";
 
 let resizeListener = null;
+let themeObserver = null;
 
 function initPremiumAnalytics() {
   if (analyticsState.initialized) return;
   analyticsState.initialized = true;
+  themeObserver = observeTheme(() => {
+    refreshActivityTheme();
+    refreshMapTheme();
+  });
 
   if (!analyticsState.zoomListenerRegistered) {
     registerZoomSelectionListener(handleChartSelection);
@@ -65,7 +76,7 @@ function handleNavigation() {
 
 function handleRangePreset(rangeDays) {
   const state = analyticsState;
-  const samePreset = rangeDays === state.currentRange;
+  const samePreset = !state.usingCustomRange && rangeDays === state.currentRange;
   if (samePreset) {
     return;
   }
@@ -135,8 +146,7 @@ function handleChartSelection(range) {
   }
 
   const sameAsCurrent =
-    analyticsState.selectionRange.from === normalized.from &&
-    analyticsState.selectionRange.to === normalized.to;
+    analyticsState.selectionRange.from === normalized.from && analyticsState.selectionRange.to === normalized.to;
 
   analyticsState.selectionRange = normalized;
   analyticsState.customSelection = { ...normalized };
@@ -169,6 +179,8 @@ function teardownPanel() {
 }
 
 function teardownPremiumAnalytics() {
+  themeObserver?.disconnect();
+  themeObserver = null;
   teardownPanel();
   if (resizeListener) {
     window.removeEventListener("resize", resizeListener);
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.js
index 330fc62..c63bec7 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.js
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+import { logger } from "../logging";
+
 const LOG_PREFIX = '[PremiumAnalytics]';
 
 export function logTimeBounds(label, bounds) {
   if (!bounds) return;
-  console.log(
+  logger.log(
     `${LOG_PREFIX} ${label} bounds:`,
     bounds.min != null ? new Date(bounds.min).toISOString() : 'null',
     '->',
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@ export function logTimeBounds(label, bounds) {
 
 export function logRangeSelection(label, range) {
   if (!range) return;
-  console.log(
+  logger.log(
     `${LOG_PREFIX} ${label} selection:`,
     range.from != null ? new Date(range.from).toISOString() : 'null',
     '->',
@@ -21,12 +23,12 @@ export function logRangeSelection(label, range) {
 }
 
 export function logFetchRequest(videoId, params) {
-  console.log(`${LOG_PREFIX} fetch video=${videoId} params=`, params.toString());
+  logger.log(`${LOG_PREFIX} fetch video=${videoId} params=`, params.toString());
 }
 
 export function logZoomPreview(label, bounds) {
   if (!bounds) return;
-  console.log(
+  logger.log(
     `${LOG_PREFIX} ${label} preview:`,
     new Date(bounds.from).toISOString(),
     '->',
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.spec.js
index 1e2cf2d..c0581ed 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/logging.spec.js
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * @jest-environment jsdom
  */
 
+import { setLoggingDisabled } from "../logging";
 import {
   logTimeBounds,
   logRangeSelection,
@@ -17,9 +18,20 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.logging", () => {
   });
 
   afterEach(() => {
+    setLoggingDisabled(false);
     consoleSpy.mockRestore();
   });
 
+  it("suppresses analytics messages without replacing console.log", () => {
+    setLoggingDisabled(true);
+    logTimeBounds("chart", { min: 0, max: 1 });
+    logRangeSelection("selection", { from: 0, to: 1 });
+    logFetchRequest("video-id", new URLSearchParams({ a: "1" }));
+    logZoomPreview("preview", { from: 3, to: 4 });
+    expect(consoleSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(console.log).toBe(consoleSpy);
+  });
+
   it("logs time bounds when values are provided", () => {
     logTimeBounds("chart", { min: 0, max: 1 });
 
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.js
index f706526..1871373 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.js
@@ -238,6 +238,20 @@ export function renderMap(countries) {
   updateMapResetButtonVisibility();
 }
 
+export function refreshMapTheme() {
+  analyticsState.mapChart?.setOption({
+    visualMap: { textStyle: { color: getMutedTextColor() } },
+    geo: {
+      itemStyle: {
+        borderColor: getBorderColor(0.4),
+        borderWidth: 0.6,
+        areaColor: getSurfaceColor(0.06, 0.02),
+      },
+      emphasis: { itemStyle: { areaColor: getHoverFillColor(0.18, 0.18) } },
+    },
+  });
+}
+
 function resolveMapContext(state) {
   const focusCode = typeof state.mapFocusCountry === "string" ? normalizeIsoCode(state.mapFocusCountry) : "";
   const subdivisions = Array.isArray(state.latestSubdivisions) ? state.latestSubdivisions : [];
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.spec.js
index 2543de1..f5e7bdb 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/map/index.spec.js
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ import { analyticsState } from "../state";
 import {
   ensureMapChart,
   renderMap,
+  refreshMapTheme,
   disposeMapChart,
   clearMapChart,
   resizeMapChart,
@@ -110,6 +111,25 @@ import {
 
 const enMessages = require("../../../_locales/en/messages.json");
 
+test("theme refresh merges only colors without replacing map data, center or zoom", () => {
+  const chart = { setOption: jest.fn() };
+  analyticsState.mapChart = chart;
+  try {
+    refreshMapTheme();
+    expect(chart.setOption).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(chart.setOption.mock.calls[0]).toHaveLength(1);
+    const update = chart.setOption.mock.calls[0][0];
+    expect(Object.keys(update).sort()).toEqual(["geo", "visualMap"]);
+    expect(Object.keys(update.geo).sort()).toEqual(["emphasis", "itemStyle"]);
+    expect(update.geo).not.toHaveProperty("center");
+    expect(update.geo).not.toHaveProperty("zoom");
+    expect(update.geo).not.toHaveProperty("map");
+    expect(update).not.toHaveProperty("series");
+  } finally {
+    analyticsState.mapChart = null;
+  }
+});
+
 function getMessage(key, substitutions) {
   const entry = enMessages[key];
   if (!entry) return key;
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/panel.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/panel.js
index 9d35eb1..d79d9d0 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/panel.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/panel.js
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ function positionExpandedSection(section, button) {
   applyAnchorPosition(section, anchorRect, { maxWidthFallback: "min(960px, calc(100vw - 48px))" });
   section.style.maxHeight = "calc(100vh - 120px)";
   section.style.zIndex = "2147483647";
-  section.style.background = "var(--yt-spec-base-background, #202020)";
+  section.style.background = "var(--ryd-analytics-bg)";
   section.style.boxShadow = "0 30px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45)";
   section.style.padding = "16px";
   section.style.overflowY = "auto";
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/requests.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/requests.js
index fa80fca..8afe533 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/requests.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/requests.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { getApiEndpoint } from "../config";
-import { fetchWithCoreConsent } from "../core-data-consent";
+import { fetchWithAccountConsent } from "../account-data-consent";
 import { analyticsState, COUNTRY_LIMIT } from "./state";
 import { ensurePanel, updateRangeButtons, updateRangeAnchorButtons, setFooterMessage, setLoadingState } from "./panel";
 import { debounce, safeJson } from "./utils";
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ function requestAnalyticsWithConsent({ selection } = {}) {
     analyticsState.sessionToken === sessionToken &&
     analyticsState.sessionActive;
 
-  fetchWithCoreConsent(url, {
+  fetchWithAccountConsent(url, {
     headers: {
       Authorization: `Bearer ${sessionToken}`,
       "Content-Type": "application/json",
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.js
index 95d9787..593572c 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.js
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 export function getTextColor() {
-  return getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--yt-spec-text-primary").trim() || "#ffffff";
+  return (
+    getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--yt-spec-text-primary").trim() ||
+    (isDarkTheme() ? "#ffffff" : "#0f0f0f")
+  );
 }
 
 export function getMutedTextColor() {
-  return getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--yt-spec-text-secondary").trim() || "#b3b3b3";
+  return (
+    getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue("--yt-spec-text-secondary").trim() ||
+    (isDarkTheme() ? "#b3b3b3" : "#606060")
+  );
 }
 
 export function getBorderColor(alpha = 0.15) {
@@ -25,48 +31,21 @@ export function getHoverFillColor(lightAlpha = 0.18, darkAlpha = 0.18) {
 
 export function isDarkTheme() {
   const root = document.documentElement;
-  if (root.hasAttribute("dark") && !root.hasAttribute("light")) {
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (root.getAttribute("dark") === "false") {
-    return false;
-  }
-  const colorValue = getComputedStyle(root).getPropertyValue("--yt-spec-text-primary").trim();
-  const color = parseColor(colorValue);
-  if (color) {
-    const luminance = (0.2126 * color.r + 0.7152 * color.g + 0.0722 * color.b) / 255;
-    return luminance > 0.5;
-  }
-  return true;
+  return root.hasAttribute("dark") && root.getAttribute("dark") !== "false" && !root.hasAttribute("light");
 }
 
-function parseColor(value) {
-  if (!value) {
-    return null;
-  }
-  const trimmed = value.trim();
-  if (trimmed.startsWith('#')) {
-    const hex = trimmed.slice(1);
-    if (hex.length === 3) {
-      const r = parseInt(hex[0] + hex[0], 16);
-      const g = parseInt(hex[1] + hex[1], 16);
-      const b = parseInt(hex[2] + hex[2], 16);
-      return { r, g, b };
-    }
-    if (hex.length === 6) {
-      const r = parseInt(hex.slice(0, 2), 16);
-      const g = parseInt(hex.slice(2, 4), 16);
-      const b = parseInt(hex.slice(4, 6), 16);
-      return { r, g, b };
-    }
-    return null;
-  }
-  const rgbMatch = trimmed.match(/rgba?\(([^)]+)\)/i);
-  if (rgbMatch) {
-    const parts = rgbMatch[1].split(',').map((part) => parseFloat(part.trim()));
-    if (parts.length >= 3) {
-      return { r: parts[0], g: parts[1], b: parts[2] };
-    }
-  }
-  return null;
+export function observeTheme(onChange) {
+  const colors = () => `${isDarkTheme()}:${getTextColor()}:${getMutedTextColor()}`;
+  let previous = colors();
+  const observer = new MutationObserver(() => {
+    const next = colors();
+    if (next === previous) return;
+    previous = next;
+    onChange();
+  });
+  observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
+    attributes: true,
+    attributeFilter: ["dark", "light", "style", "class"],
+  });
+  return observer;
 }
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.spec.js
index 3904e5b..ca6bd73 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/premiumAnalytics/theme.spec.js
@@ -2,12 +2,22 @@
  * @jest-environment jsdom
  */
 
-import { getTextColor, getMutedTextColor, getBorderColor, getSurfaceColor, getHoverFillColor, isDarkTheme } from "./theme";
+import {
+  getTextColor,
+  getMutedTextColor,
+  getBorderColor,
+  getSurfaceColor,
+  getHoverFillColor,
+  isDarkTheme,
+  observeTheme,
+} from "./theme";
 
 describe("premiumAnalytics.theme", () => {
   const originalGetComputedStyle = window.getComputedStyle;
 
   beforeEach(() => {
+    document.documentElement.setAttribute("dark", "");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("light");
     window.getComputedStyle = jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
       getPropertyValue: (name) => {
         if (name === "--yt-spec-text-primary") return " #fefefe  ";
@@ -19,6 +29,9 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.theme", () => {
 
   afterEach(() => {
     window.getComputedStyle = originalGetComputedStyle;
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("light");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("style");
   });
 
   it("returns trimmed primary text color", () => {
@@ -34,8 +47,47 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.theme", () => {
     expect(getBorderColor()).toBe("rgba(255,255,255,0.15)");
   });
 
+  it.each([null, "false"])("uses light fallbacks without an enabled dark marker (%s)", (dark) => {
+    if (dark === null) document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    else document.documentElement.setAttribute("dark", dark);
+    window.getComputedStyle.mockReturnValue({ getPropertyValue: () => "" });
+    expect(isDarkTheme()).toBe(false);
+    expect(getTextColor()).toBe("#0f0f0f");
+    expect(getMutedTextColor()).toBe("#606060");
+    expect(getBorderColor()).toBe("rgba(15,23,42,0.15)");
+  });
+
+  it("uses dark fallbacks only while the host dark marker is enabled", () => {
+    window.getComputedStyle.mockReturnValue({ getPropertyValue: () => "" });
+    expect(isDarkTheme()).toBe(true);
+    expect(getTextColor()).toBe("#ffffff");
+    expect(getMutedTextColor()).toBe("#b3b3b3");
+    document.documentElement.setAttribute("light", "");
+    expect(isDarkTheme()).toBe(false);
+    expect(getTextColor()).toBe("#0f0f0f");
+  });
+
+  it("notifies for effective theme colors and stops observing after disconnect", async () => {
+    window.getComputedStyle.mockReturnValue({ getPropertyValue: () => "" });
+    const changed = jest.fn();
+    const observer = observeTheme(changed);
+    document.documentElement.style.setProperty("--unrelated", "1");
+    await Promise.resolve();
+    expect(changed).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    await Promise.resolve();
+    expect(changed).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    document.documentElement.setAttribute("dark", "");
+    await Promise.resolve();
+    expect(changed).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    observer.disconnect();
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    await Promise.resolve();
+    expect(changed).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+  });
+
   it("derives surface colors based on theme", () => {
-    document.documentElement.setAttribute('dark', '');
+    document.documentElement.setAttribute("dark", "");
     window.getComputedStyle.mockImplementation(() => ({
       getPropertyValue: (name) => {
         if (name === "--yt-spec-text-primary") return "#fefefe";
@@ -44,11 +96,11 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.theme", () => {
       },
     }));
     expect(isDarkTheme()).toBe(true);
-    expect(getSurfaceColor()).toBe('rgba(255,255,255,0.02)');
-    expect(getHoverFillColor()).toBe('rgba(255,255,255,0.18)');
+    expect(getSurfaceColor()).toBe("rgba(255,255,255,0.02)");
+    expect(getHoverFillColor()).toBe("rgba(255,255,255,0.18)");
 
-    document.documentElement.removeAttribute('dark');
-    document.documentElement.setAttribute('light', '');
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("dark");
+    document.documentElement.setAttribute("light", "");
     window.getComputedStyle.mockImplementation(() => ({
       getPropertyValue: (name) => {
         if (name === "--yt-spec-text-primary") return "#111111";
@@ -57,9 +109,9 @@ describe("premiumAnalytics.theme", () => {
       },
     }));
     expect(isDarkTheme()).toBe(false);
-    expect(getBorderColor(0.2)).toBe('rgba(15,23,42,0.2)');
-    expect(getSurfaceColor()).toBe('rgba(15,23,42,0.06)');
-    expect(getHoverFillColor()).toBe('rgba(15,23,42,0.18)');
-    document.documentElement.removeAttribute('light');
+    expect(getBorderColor(0.2)).toBe("rgba(15,23,42,0.2)");
+    expect(getSurfaceColor()).toBe("rgba(15,23,42,0.06)");
+    expect(getHoverFillColor()).toBe("rgba(15,23,42,0.18)");
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute("light");
   });
 });
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/private-browsing.js b/Extensions/combined/src/private-browsing.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e10bd52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/private-browsing.js
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+function extensionApi() {
+  return typeof browser !== "undefined" ? browser : globalThis.chrome;
+}
+
+function isFirefoxExtension(api = extensionApi()) {
+  return Boolean(api?.runtime?.getManifest?.()?.browser_specific_settings?.gecko);
+}
+
+function isPrivateBrowsingContext() {
+  const api = extensionApi();
+  return isFirefoxExtension(api) && api?.extension?.inIncognitoContext === true;
+}
+
+function isNormalMessageSender(api, sender) {
+  if (!isFirefoxExtension(api)) return true;
+  if (sender?.id !== api.runtime.id) return false;
+  if (sender.tab) return sender.tab.incognito === false;
+  try {
+    const url = new URL(sender.url);
+    if (!url.searchParams.get("rydContext")) return false;
+    const views = api.extension.getViews().filter((view) => view.location.href === sender.url);
+    return views.length === 1 && views[0].browser?.extension?.inIncognitoContext === false;
+  } catch (_) {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+export { isFirefoxExtension, isPrivateBrowsingContext, isNormalMessageSender };
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/private-browsing.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/private-browsing.spec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02e3ef4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/private-browsing.spec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { isFirefoxExtension, isPrivateBrowsingContext, isNormalMessageSender } from "./private-browsing";
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  delete global.browser;
+  delete global.chrome;
+});
+
+test("background routing uses browser tab privacy metadata", () => {
+  const api = { runtime: { id: "fixture", getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } }) } };
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, { id: "fixture", tab: { incognito: false } })).toBe(true);
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, { id: "fixture", tab: { incognito: true } })).toBe(false);
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, { id: "fixture", tab: {} })).toBe(false);
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, { id: "foreign", tab: { incognito: false } })).toBe(false);
+});
+
+test("Firefox popup routing requires a distinct live normal view", () => {
+  const url = "moz-extension://fixture/popup.html?rydContext=synthetic-view";
+  const view = { location: { href: url }, browser: { extension: { inIncognitoContext: false } } };
+  const api = {
+    runtime: { id: "fixture", getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } }) },
+    extension: { getViews: jest.fn(() => [view]) },
+  };
+  const sender = { id: "fixture", url };
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, sender)).toBe(true);
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, { ...sender, url: "moz-extension://fixture/popup.html" })).toBe(false);
+  view.browser.extension.inIncognitoContext = true;
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, sender)).toBe(false);
+  api.extension.getViews.mockReturnValue([]);
+  expect(isNormalMessageSender(api, sender)).toBe(false);
+});
+
+test("private display mode is limited to Firefox private contexts", () => {
+  global.browser = {
+    runtime: { getManifest: () => ({ browser_specific_settings: { gecko: {} } }) },
+    extension: { inIncognitoContext: true },
+  };
+  expect(isFirefoxExtension()).toBe(true);
+  expect(isPrivateBrowsingContext()).toBe(true);
+  browser.extension.inIncognitoContext = false;
+  expect(isPrivateBrowsingContext()).toBe(false);
+  browser.extension.inIncognitoContext = true;
+  browser.runtime.getManifest = () => ({ manifest_version: 3 });
+  expect(isPrivateBrowsingContext()).toBe(false);
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/reaction-presentation.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/reaction-presentation.spec.js
index ff3f072..5665f01 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/reaction-presentation.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/reaction-presentation.spec.js
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import {
   setSyntheticShortsDislikeEnabled,
   __RewireAPI__ as buttonsRewire,
 } from "./buttons";
-import { addLikeDislikeEventListener, storageChangeHandler } from "./events";
+import { addLikeDislikeEventListener, storageChangeHandler, __RewireAPI__ as eventsRewire } from "./events";
 import {
   extConfig,
   isVideoDisliked,
@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ beforeEach(() => {
     coloredThumbs: false,
     colorTheme: "classic",
     disableVoteSubmission: true,
+    showTooltipPercentage: false,
+    tooltipPercentageMode: "dash_like",
   });
 });
 
@@ -448,3 +450,176 @@ test("synthetic Shorts Dislike clears the native Like without activating a prepe
   expect(dislike.querySelector("button").getAttribute("aria-pressed")).toBe("true");
   expect(storedData).toMatchObject({ previousState: DISLIKED_STATE, likes: 729, dislikes: 13 });
 });
+
+describe("live tooltip preferences", () => {
+  function mountTooltip({ enabled = false, mode = "dash_like", nested = false } = {}) {
+    mount({ likes: 260 });
+    storedData.dislikes = 4;
+    extConfig.showTooltipPercentage = enabled;
+    extConfig.tooltipPercentageMode = mode;
+    createRateBar.mockImplementation(renderRateBar);
+    renderRateBar(storedData.likes, storedData.dislikes);
+    const bar = document.querySelector("#ryd-bar-container");
+    bar.getBoundingClientRect = () => ({ top: 0, left: 0, right: 200, bottom: 2, width: 200, height: 2 });
+    const tooltip = document.querySelector("#ryd-dislike-tooltip");
+    if (nested) {
+      const content = document.createElement("div");
+      content.id = "tooltip";
+      content.innerHTML = tooltip.innerHTML;
+      tooltip.replaceChildren(content);
+    }
+    createRateBar.mockClear();
+    return tooltip;
+  }
+
+  const tooltipText = (tooltip) => tooltip.textContent.replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
+
+  test.each([
+    ["dash_like", "260 / 4 - 98.5%"],
+    ["dash_dislike", "260 / 4 - 1.5%"],
+    ["both", "98.5% / 1.5%"],
+    ["only_like", "98.5%"],
+    ["only_dislike", "1.5%"],
+  ])("updates an existing nested tooltip when sync mode changes to %s", (mode, expected) => {
+    const tooltip = mountTooltip({ enabled: true, mode: mode === "dash_like" ? "both" : "dash_like", nested: true });
+    const beforeCounts = { ...storedData };
+
+    storageChangeHandler({ tooltipPercentageMode: { newValue: mode } }, "sync");
+
+    expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe(expected);
+    expect(document.querySelector("#ryd-dislike-tooltip")).toBe(tooltip);
+    expect(storedData).toEqual(beforeCounts);
+  });
+
+  test.each([true, false])("updates the existing tooltip when percentages become %s", (enabled) => {
+    const tooltip = mountTooltip({ enabled: !enabled, mode: "only_dislike" });
+
+    storageChangeHandler({ showTooltipPercentage: { newValue: enabled } }, "sync");
+
+    expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe(enabled ? "1.5%" : "260 / 4");
+    expect(document.querySelector("#ryd-dislike-tooltip")).toBe(tooltip);
+  });
+
+  test("applies a combined preference event before repainting once", () => {
+    const tooltip = mountTooltip();
+
+    storageChangeHandler(
+      { showTooltipPercentage: { newValue: true }, tooltipPercentageMode: { newValue: "only_dislike" } },
+      "sync",
+    );
+
+    expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe("1.5%");
+    expect(createRateBar).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
+  test("removing tooltip settings restores their existing defaults", () => {
+    const tooltip = mountTooltip({ enabled: true, mode: "only_dislike" });
+
+    storageChangeHandler(
+      { showTooltipPercentage: { oldValue: true }, tooltipPercentageMode: { oldValue: "only_dislike" } },
+      "sync",
+    );
+    expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe("260 / 4");
+    storageChangeHandler({ showTooltipPercentage: { newValue: true } }, "sync");
+    expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe("260 / 4 - 98.5%");
+  });
+
+  test.each(["local", "session", "managed", undefined])("ignores tooltip preferences outside sync (%s)", (area) => {
+    const tooltip = mountTooltip();
+
+    storageChangeHandler(
+      { showTooltipPercentage: { newValue: true }, tooltipPercentageMode: { newValue: "only_dislike" } },
+      area,
+    );
+
+    expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe("260 / 4");
+    expect(extConfig.showTooltipPercentage).toBe(false);
+    expect(extConfig.tooltipPercentageMode).toBe("dash_like");
+    expect(createRateBar).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test.each(["/watch?v=zyxwvutsrqp", "/feed/subscriptions"])(
+    "retains preferences without repainting outgoing cached counts on %s",
+    (url) => {
+      const tooltip = mountTooltip();
+      history.replaceState({}, "", url);
+
+      storageChangeHandler(
+        { showTooltipPercentage: { newValue: true }, tooltipPercentageMode: { newValue: "only_dislike" } },
+        "sync",
+      );
+
+      expect(extConfig.showTooltipPercentage).toBe(true);
+      expect(extConfig.tooltipPercentageMode).toBe("only_dislike");
+      expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe("260 / 4");
+      expect(createRateBar).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+
+  test("private tabs retain their existing isolation from normal tooltip preferences", () => {
+    const tooltip = mountTooltip();
+    const restore = eventsRewire.__set__("isPrivateBrowsingContext", () => true);
+    try {
+      storageChangeHandler(
+        { showTooltipPercentage: { newValue: true }, tooltipPercentageMode: { newValue: "only_dislike" } },
+        "sync",
+      );
+      expect(extConfig.showTooltipPercentage).toBe(false);
+      expect(extConfig.tooltipPercentageMode).toBe("dash_like");
+      expect(tooltipText(tooltip)).toBe("260 / 4");
+      expect(createRateBar).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    } finally {
+      restore();
+    }
+  });
+});
+
+describe("live dislike number format", () => {
+  test.each([
+    ["compactShort", false, "1.3K", "11299"],
+    ["compactLong", false, "1.3 thousand", "11299"],
+    ["standard", false, "1,335", "11299"],
+    ["compactShort", true, "1.3K", "11K"],
+    ["compactLong", true, "1.3 thousand", "11 thousand"],
+    ["standard", true, "1,335", "11,299"],
+  ])("formats cached dislikes as %s with native Like reformatting=%s", (mode, reformatLikes, dislikes, likes) => {
+    document.documentElement.lang = "en";
+    const controls = mount({ likes: 11299 });
+    const nativeLikeText = getLikeTextContainer().firstChild;
+    storedData.dislikes = 1335;
+    extConfig.numberDisplayReformatLikes = reformatLikes;
+    extConfig.numberDisplayFormat = mode === "standard" ? "compactShort" : "standard";
+    controls.dislikeTextContainer.innerText = mode === "standard" ? "1.3K" : "1,335";
+    const readVotes = jest.fn();
+    const restore = stateRewire.__set__("requestVoteData", readVotes);
+    try {
+      storageChangeHandler({ numberDisplayFormat: { newValue: mode } }, "sync");
+
+      expect(controls.dislikeTextContainer.innerText).toBe(dislikes);
+      expect(getLikeTextContainer().firstChild).toBe(nativeLikeText);
+      expect(nativeLikeText.data).toBe(likes);
+      expect(storedData.likes).toBe(11299);
+      expect(storedData.dislikes).toBe(1335);
+      expect(readVotes).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    } finally {
+      restore();
+    }
+  });
+
+  test.each(["/watch?v=zyxwvutsrqp", "/feed/subscriptions"])(
+    "does not format outgoing cached dislikes on %s",
+    (url) => {
+      const controls = mount({ likes: 11299 });
+      storedData.dislikes = 1335;
+      controls.dislikeTextContainer.innerText = "1,335";
+      history.replaceState({}, "", url);
+      createRateBar.mockClear();
+
+      storageChangeHandler({ numberDisplayFormat: { newValue: "compactLong" } }, "sync");
+
+      expect(extConfig.numberDisplayFormat).toBe("compactLong");
+      expect(controls.dislikeTextContainer.innerText).toBe("1,335");
+      expect(createRateBar).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    },
+  );
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/state.js b/Extensions/combined/src/state.js
index 4068532..1aeb643 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/state.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/state.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { logger } from "./logging";
 import {
   getButtonControls,
   getLikeButton,
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ import { createBrowserSyntheticDislikeStore } from "./vote-client-adapter";
 import { requestVoteData } from "./vote-data-request";
 import { fetchWithCoreConsent } from "./core-data-consent";
 import { normalizeCustomColors } from "../../common/color-themes";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 
 const DEFAULT_SELECTORS = {
   dislikeTextContainer: [
@@ -183,6 +185,7 @@ function isRoundedDesign() {
 let syntheticDislikeStore = null;
 
 function getSyntheticDislikeStore() {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) return null;
   if (syntheticDislikeStore) return syntheticDislikeStore;
   const browserApi = getBrowser();
   if (!browserApi?.storage?.local) return null;
@@ -199,7 +202,7 @@ async function readSyntheticShortsDislikeState(videoId) {
   try {
     return await store.isDisliked(videoId);
   } catch (error) {
-    console.debug("Could not restore the synthetic Shorts Dislike state.", error?.message ?? error);
+    logger.debug("Could not restore the synthetic Shorts Dislike state.", error?.message ?? error);
     return false;
   }
 }
@@ -333,7 +336,7 @@ function refreshReactionPresentation() {
 }
 
 function setDislikes(dislikesCount) {
-  console.log(`SET dislikes ${dislikesCount}`);
+  if (!isPrivateBrowsingContext()) logger.log(`SET dislikes ${dislikesCount}`);
 
   const controls = getButtonControls();
   const _container = getDislikeTextContainer(controls);
@@ -344,7 +347,7 @@ function setDislikes(dislikesCount) {
   if (!isLikesDisabled(controls)) {
     _dislikeText = dislikesCount;
   } else {
-    console.log("likes count disabled by creator");
+    logger.log("likes count disabled by creator");
     _dislikeText = localize("TextLikesDisabled");
   }
 
@@ -425,7 +428,7 @@ async function setState(storedData) {
   }
   const videoId = getVideoId(window.location.href);
   const dislikeButton = getDislikeButton();
-  if (isSyntheticShortsDislike(dislikeButton)) {
+  if (isSyntheticShortsDislike(dislikeButton) && !isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
     const storedDisliked = await readSyntheticShortsDislikeState(videoId);
     if (getVideoId(window.location.href) !== videoId) return;
     const liked = isVideoLiked();
@@ -435,7 +438,7 @@ async function setState(storedData) {
   } else {
     storedData.previousState = isVideoDisliked() ? DISLIKED_STATE : isVideoLiked() ? LIKED_STATE : NEUTRAL_STATE;
   }
-  console.log("Video is loaded. Adding buttons...");
+  logger.log("Video is loaded. Adding buttons...");
 
   const likeCount = getLikeCountFromButton() || null;
   let response;
@@ -446,8 +449,10 @@ async function setState(storedData) {
     displayError(error, videoId);
     return;
   }
-  console.log("response from api:");
-  console.log(JSON.stringify(response));
+  if (!isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
+    logger.log("response from api:");
+    logger.log(JSON.stringify(response));
+  }
   if (getVideoId(window.location.href) !== videoId) {
     return;
   }
@@ -520,6 +525,11 @@ function clearRenderedVoteState(controls = getButtonControls()) {
 }
 
 async function initExtConfig() {
+  if (isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
+    await initializePrivateDisplayPreferences();
+    await initializeSelectors();
+    return;
+  }
   initializeDisableVoteSubmission();
   initializeDisableLogging();
   initializeColoredThumbs();
@@ -534,8 +544,39 @@ async function initExtConfig() {
   await initializeSelectors();
 }
 
+function initializePrivateDisplayPreferences() {
+  const preferences = [
+    "coloredThumbs",
+    "coloredBar",
+    "colorTheme",
+    "customColors",
+    "numberDisplayFormat",
+    "showTooltipPercentage",
+    "tooltipPercentageMode",
+    "numberDisplayReformatLikes",
+    HIDE_CLUTTER_BUTTONS_STORAGE_KEY,
+  ];
+  extConfig.disableLogging = true;
+  initializeLogging();
+  extConfig.hidePremiumTeaser = true;
+  return new Promise((resolve) => {
+    getBrowser().storage.sync.get(preferences, (values = {}) => {
+      for (const key of preferences) {
+        if (values[key] !== undefined) extConfig[key] = values[key];
+      }
+      extConfig.colorTheme = values.colorTheme || "classic";
+      extConfig.customColors = normalizeCustomColors(values.customColors);
+      extConfig.hideClutterButtons = publishHideClutterButtons(values[HIDE_CLUTTER_BUTTONS_STORAGE_KEY]);
+      resolve();
+    });
+  });
+}
+
 async function initializeSelectors() {
   const controller = new AbortController();
+  const privateContext = isPrivateBrowsingContext();
+  const abortOnPageHide = () => controller.abort();
+  if (privateContext) window.addEventListener("pagehide", abortOnPageHide, { once: true });
   const timeout = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), SELECTOR_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
   try {
     const response = await fetchWithCoreConsent(getApiEndpoint("/configs/selectors"), {
@@ -544,20 +585,23 @@ async function initializeSelectors() {
         Accept: "application/json",
       },
       signal: controller.signal,
+      ...(privateContext ? { credentials: "omit", cache: "no-store" } : {}),
     });
     if (!response.ok) {
       throw new Error(`Selector request failed with HTTP ${response.status}`);
     }
     const result = await response.json();
+    if (privateContext && controller.signal.aborted) return false;
     extConfig.selectors = mergeConfig(DEFAULT_SELECTORS, result);
-    console.log(result);
+    if (!isPrivateBrowsingContext()) logger.log(result);
     return true;
   } catch (error) {
     extConfig.selectors = cloneConfig(DEFAULT_SELECTORS);
-    console.debug("Remote selectors unavailable; using bundled selectors.", error?.name ?? error);
+    logger.debug("Remote selectors unavailable; using bundled selectors.", error?.name ?? error);
     return false;
   } finally {
     clearTimeout(timeout);
+    if (privateContext) window.removeEventListener("pagehide", abortOnPageHide);
   }
 }
 
@@ -571,16 +615,22 @@ function initializeDisableVoteSubmission() {
   });
 }
 
+let loggingPreferenceRevision = 0;
+
+function updateDisableLogging(value) {
+  loggingPreferenceRevision += 1;
+  extConfig.disableLogging = value ?? true;
+  initializeLogging();
+}
+
 function initializeDisableLogging() {
+  const revision = loggingPreferenceRevision;
   getBrowser().storage.sync.get(["disableLogging"], (res) => {
+    if (revision !== loggingPreferenceRevision) return;
     if (res.disableLogging === undefined) {
       getBrowser().storage.sync.set({ disableLogging: true });
-      extConfig.disableLogging = true;
-    } else {
-      extConfig.disableLogging = res.disableLogging;
     }
-    // Initialize console methods based on logging config
-    initializeLogging();
+    updateDisableLogging(res.disableLogging);
   });
 }
 
@@ -688,7 +738,7 @@ function initializeHideClutterButtons() {
       const storedValue = res[HIDE_CLUTTER_BUTTONS_STORAGE_KEY];
       const normalized = normalizeHideClutterButtons(storedValue);
       extConfig.hideClutterButtons = publishHideClutterButtons(normalized);
-      if (storedValue === undefined) {
+      if (storedValue === undefined && !isPrivateBrowsingContext()) {
         storage.set({ [HIDE_CLUTTER_BUTTONS_STORAGE_KEY]: false });
       }
       resolve(normalized);
@@ -723,4 +773,5 @@ export {
   clearRenderedVoteState,
   persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState,
   initializeHideClutterButtons,
+  updateDisableLogging,
 };
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/state.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/state.spec.js
index fdd5333..a18aec5 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/state.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/state.spec.js
@@ -82,12 +82,15 @@ import {
   clearRenderedVoteState,
   extConfig,
   getLikeCountFromButton,
+  initExtConfig,
   initializeHideClutterButtons,
   initializeSelectors,
+  updateDisableLogging,
   restoreCurrentState,
   setDislikes,
   setState,
   storedData,
+  persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState,
   __RewireAPI__ as stateRewire,
 } from "./state";
 
@@ -127,6 +130,8 @@ afterEach(() => {
   stateRewire.__ResetDependency__("nativeLikeCounts");
   stateRewire.__ResetDependency__("isMobile");
   stateRewire.__ResetDependency__("syntheticDislikeStore");
+  stateRewire.__ResetDependency__("isPrivateBrowsingContext");
+  stateRewire.__ResetDependency__("initializeLogging");
 });
 
 afterAll(() => {
@@ -135,6 +140,49 @@ afterAll(() => {
   delete globalThis.__mockControlsUnavailable;
 });
 
+test.each([true, false, undefined])("initializes the logging preference (%s)", (value) => {
+  const initializeLogging = jest.fn();
+  stateRewire.__set__("initializeLogging", initializeLogging);
+  const set = jest.fn();
+  globalThis.__mockBrowser = {
+    storage: { sync: { get: (_keys, callback) => callback({ disableLogging: value }), set } },
+  };
+
+  stateRewire.__get__("initializeDisableLogging")();
+
+  expect(extConfig.disableLogging).toBe(value ?? true);
+  expect(initializeLogging).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  if (value === undefined) expect(set).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ disableLogging: true });
+  else expect(set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test.each([true, false, undefined])("a late logging preference read cannot override a live update (%s)", (value) => {
+  const initializeLogging = jest.fn();
+  stateRewire.__set__("initializeLogging", initializeLogging);
+  let finishRead;
+  const set = jest.fn();
+  globalThis.__mockBrowser = {
+    storage: { sync: { get: (_keys, callback) => (finishRead = callback), set } },
+  };
+  stateRewire.__get__("initializeDisableLogging")();
+
+  updateDisableLogging(false);
+  finishRead({ disableLogging: value });
+
+  expect(extConfig.disableLogging).toBe(false);
+  expect(initializeLogging).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  expect(set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
+test("removing the logging preference restores the default suppression", () => {
+  const initializeLogging = jest.fn();
+  stateRewire.__set__("initializeLogging", initializeLogging);
+  updateDisableLogging(false);
+  updateDisableLogging(undefined);
+  expect(extConfig.disableLogging).toBe(true);
+  expect(initializeLogging).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+});
+
 test("hide-clutter initialization persists and publishes the default-off value", async () => {
   const set = jest.fn();
   globalThis.__mockBrowser = {
@@ -535,3 +583,176 @@ test("falls back to bundled selectors when the remote selector request never set
     jest.useRealTimers();
   }
 });
+
+describe("private count display", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    stateRewire.__set__("isPrivateBrowsingContext", () => true);
+  });
+
+  test.each([false, true])("reads only display preferences without default writes (saved=%s)", async (saved) => {
+    const initializeLogging = jest.fn();
+    stateRewire.__set__("initializeLogging", initializeLogging);
+    const preferences = saved
+      ? {
+          coloredThumbs: true,
+          coloredBar: true,
+          colorTheme: "custom",
+          customColors: { light: { like: "#123456", dislike: "#654321" } },
+          numberDisplayFormat: "standard",
+          showTooltipPercentage: true,
+          tooltipPercentageMode: "percentage",
+          numberDisplayReformatLikes: true,
+          hideClutterButtons: true,
+          disableLogging: false,
+          patreonSessionToken: "synthetic-normal-session",
+        }
+      : {};
+    Object.assign(extConfig, {
+      coloredThumbs: false,
+      coloredBar: false,
+      colorTheme: "classic",
+      numberDisplayFormat: "compactShort",
+      showTooltipPercentage: false,
+      tooltipPercentageMode: "dash_like",
+      numberDisplayReformatLikes: false,
+      hideClutterButtons: false,
+    });
+    const storage = {
+      sync: {
+        get: jest.fn((_keys, callback) => callback(preferences)),
+        set: jest.fn(),
+      },
+      local: { get: jest.fn(), set: jest.fn(), remove: jest.fn() },
+      onChanged: { addListener: jest.fn(), removeListener: jest.fn() },
+    };
+    globalThis.__mockBrowser = { storage };
+    fetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: true, json: async () => ({}) });
+    const consoleLog = console.log;
+    const consoleDebug = console.debug;
+
+    await initExtConfig();
+
+    expect(storage.sync.get).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(storage.sync.get).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      [
+        "coloredThumbs",
+        "coloredBar",
+        "colorTheme",
+        "customColors",
+        "numberDisplayFormat",
+        "showTooltipPercentage",
+        "tooltipPercentageMode",
+        "numberDisplayReformatLikes",
+        "hideClutterButtons",
+      ],
+      expect.any(Function),
+    );
+    expect(storage.sync.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(storage.local.get).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(storage.local.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(storage.local.remove).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(storage.onChanged.addListener).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(initializeLogging).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(console.log).toBe(consoleLog);
+    expect(console.debug).toBe(consoleDebug);
+    expect(extConfig.coloredBar).toBe(saved);
+    expect(extConfig.numberDisplayFormat).toBe(saved ? "standard" : "compactShort");
+    expect(extConfig.customColors.light.like).toBe(saved ? "#123456" : "#007600");
+    expect(extConfig.disableLogging).toBe(true);
+    expect(extConfig).not.toHaveProperty("patreonSessionToken");
+    expect(fetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      "https://example.test/configs/selectors",
+      expect.objectContaining({ method: "GET", credentials: "omit", cache: "no-store" }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  test("private initialization suppresses its own count diagnostics without replacing console methods", async () => {
+    const { logger, setLoggingDisabled } = jest.requireActual("./logging");
+    const log = jest.spyOn(console, "log").mockImplementation(() => {});
+    const debug = jest.spyOn(console, "debug").mockImplementation(() => {});
+    const ownLog = jest.spyOn(logger, "log");
+    const initializeLogging = jest.fn(() => setLoggingDisabled(extConfig.disableLogging));
+    stateRewire.__set__("initializeLogging", initializeLogging);
+    const storage = {
+      sync: {
+        get: jest.fn((_keys, callback) => callback({ disableLogging: false })),
+        set: jest.fn(),
+      },
+    };
+    globalThis.__mockBrowser = { storage };
+    fetch
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: true, json: async () => ({}) })
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: true, json: async () => ({ dislikes: 65, likes: 100 }) });
+    extConfig.disableLogging = false;
+    setLoggingDisabled(false);
+
+    try {
+      await initExtConfig();
+      await setState(storedData);
+      logger.debug("Private count diagnostic");
+
+      expect(initializeLogging).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(extConfig.disableLogging).toBe(true);
+      expect(ownLog).toHaveBeenCalledWith("Video is loaded. Adding buttons...");
+      expect(log).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(debug).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(console.log).toBe(log);
+      expect(console.debug).toBe(debug);
+      expect(storage.sync.get.mock.calls[0][0]).not.toContain("disableLogging");
+      expect(storage.sync.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    } finally {
+      setLoggingDisabled(false);
+      ownLog.mockRestore();
+      log.mockRestore();
+      debug.mockRestore();
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("never restores or writes synthetic Shorts history, including direct persistence calls", async () => {
+    const store = { isDisliked: jest.fn(async () => true), setDisliked: jest.fn(async () => undefined) };
+    stateRewire.__set__("syntheticDislikeStore", store);
+    stateRewire.__set__("isMobile", () => false);
+    getDislikeButton().synthetic = true;
+    fetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: true, json: async () => ({ dislikes: 65, likes: 100 }) });
+
+    await setState(storedData);
+    await persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState("abcdefghijk", true);
+    await persistSyntheticShortsDislikeState("abcdefghijk", false);
+
+    expect(store.isDisliked).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(store.setDisliked).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(storedData).toMatchObject({ dislikes: 65, previousState: "NEUTRAL_STATE", videoId: "abcdefghijk" });
+    expect(setSyntheticShortsDislikePressed).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(false, getDislikeButton());
+  });
+
+  test("omits private response and count payloads from diagnostics", async () => {
+    const payload = { dislikes: 654321, likes: 100, videoId: "private-test-video", marker: "private-count-payload" };
+    const log = jest.spyOn(console, "log").mockImplementation(() => {});
+    fetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: true, json: async () => payload });
+    try {
+      await setState(storedData);
+      expect(JSON.stringify(log.mock.calls)).not.toMatch(/654321|private-test-video|private-count-payload/);
+    } finally {
+      log.mockRestore();
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("does not save a missing clutter preference when initialized directly", async () => {
+    const storage = { get: jest.fn((_keys, callback) => callback({})), set: jest.fn() };
+    globalThis.__mockBrowser = { storage: { sync: storage } };
+    await initializeHideClutterButtons();
+    expect(storage.set).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  test("discards a late private selector response after page exit", async () => {
+    const pending = deferred();
+    fetch.mockReturnValueOnce(pending.promise);
+    const initialization = initializeSelectors();
+    const signal = fetch.mock.calls[0][1].signal;
+    window.dispatchEvent(new Event("pagehide"));
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+    pending.resolve({ ok: true, json: async () => ({ privateSelectorMarker: true }) });
+    await expect(initialization).resolves.toBe(false);
+    expect(extConfig.selectors).not.toHaveProperty("privateSelectorMarker");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/utils.js b/Extensions/combined/src/utils.js
index 5636e49..8b82062 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/utils.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/utils.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { logger, setLoggingDisabled } from "./logging";
 import { extConfig, isShorts } from "./state";
 import { getThemeColor, isYouTubeDarkTheme } from "../../common/color-themes";
 
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ function getNumberFormatter(optionSelect) {
           ?.getAttribute("href"),
       )?.searchParams?.get("locale");
     } catch {
-      console.log("Cannot find browser locale. Use en as default for number formatting.");
+      logger.log("Cannot find browser locale. Use en as default for number formatting.");
       userLocales = "en";
     }
   }
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ function getBrowser() {
   } else if (typeof browser !== "undefined" && typeof browser.runtime !== "undefined") {
     return browser;
   } else {
-    console.log("browser is not supported");
+    logger.log("browser is not supported");
     return false;
   }
 }
@@ -242,22 +243,8 @@ function isVideoLoaded() {
   return querySelector(videoLoadedSelectors.map((selector) => selector.replace("{videoId}", videoId))) !== undefined;
 }
 
-const originalConsole = {
-  log: console.log.bind(console),
-  debug: console.debug.bind(console),
-  info: console.info.bind(console),
-  warn: console.warn.bind(console),
-  error: console.error.bind(console),
-};
-
 function initializeLogging() {
-  if (extConfig.disableLogging) {
-    console.log = () => {};
-    console.debug = () => {};
-  } else {
-    console.log = originalConsole.log;
-    console.debug = originalConsole.debug;
-  }
+  setLoggingDisabled(extConfig.disableLogging);
 }
 
 function getColorFromTheme(voteIsLike) {
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/utils.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/utils.spec.js
index 53d64bc..379b86d 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/utils.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/utils.spec.js
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ jest.mock("./state", () => {
 });
 
 import { extConfig, isShorts } from "./state";
+import { logger, setLoggingDisabled } from "./logging";
 import {
   numberFormat,
   getNumberFormatter,
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ function resetGlobals() {
   jest.restoreAllMocks();
   jest.clearAllMocks();
   extConfig.disableLogging = false;
+  setLoggingDisabled(false);
   extConfig.colorTheme = "classic";
   extConfig.numberDisplayFormat = "compactShort";
   isShorts.mockReturnValue(false);
@@ -448,28 +450,21 @@ describe("utils", () => {
   });
 
   describe("initializeLogging", () => {
-    it("disables console output when configured", () => {
-      extConfig.disableLogging = true;
-      const originalLog = console.log;
-      const originalDebug = console.debug;
-
-      initializeLogging();
-
-      expect(console.log).not.toBe(originalLog);
-      expect(console.debug).not.toBe(originalDebug);
-    });
-
-    it("restores console output when logging is enabled", () => {
-      const stubLog = jest.fn();
-      const stubDebug = jest.fn();
-      console.log = stubLog;
-      console.debug = stubDebug;
-
-      extConfig.disableLogging = false;
-      initializeLogging();
-
-      expect(console.log).not.toBe(stubLog);
-      expect(console.debug).not.toBe(stubDebug);
+    it("applies the preference to extension logging without replacing console methods", () => {
+      const log = jest.spyOn(console, "log").mockImplementation(() => {});
+      const debug = jest.spyOn(console, "debug").mockImplementation(() => {});
+      for (const disabled of [true, false, true]) {
+        log.mockClear();
+        debug.mockClear();
+        extConfig.disableLogging = disabled;
+        initializeLogging();
+        logger.log("extension log");
+        logger.debug("extension debug");
+        expect(console.log).toBe(log);
+        expect(console.debug).toBe(debug);
+        expect(log).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(disabled ? 0 : 1);
+        expect(debug).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(disabled ? 0 : 1);
+      }
     });
   });
 
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.js b/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.js
index 33be055..7e1f79e 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { getApiEndpoint } from "./config";
 import { fetchWithCoreConsent } from "./core-data-consent";
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
 
 const WITHOUT_LIKE_COUNT = "without-like-count";
 const EXTENSION_ID_PATTERN = /^[a-p]{32}$/;
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ function requestVoteData(videoId, { fetchImpl = globalThis.fetch, likeCount = nu
           Accept: createVoteDataAcceptHeader(),
         },
         signal,
+        ...(isPrivateBrowsingContext() ? { credentials: "omit", cache: "no-store" } : {}),
       },
       fetchImpl,
     );
diff --git a/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.spec.js b/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.spec.js
index 5ecb23c..8aa1138 100644
--- a/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/combined/src/vote-data-request.spec.js
@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@ jest.mock("./config", () => ({
   getApiEndpoint: (pathname) => `https://api.test${pathname}`,
 }));
 
+jest.mock("./private-browsing", () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual("./private-browsing"),
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext: jest.fn(),
+}));
+import { isPrivateBrowsingContext } from "./private-browsing";
+
 import {
   cancelObsoleteVoteDataRequests,
   clearVoteDataRequestCache,
@@ -24,10 +30,23 @@ function response(payload = { dislikes: 12, likes: 34 }) {
 }
 
 beforeEach(() => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(false);
   clearVoteDataRequestCache();
   global.fetch = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(response());
 });
 
+test("private count requests omit credentials and HTTP cache use without account headers", async () => {
+  isPrivateBrowsingContext.mockReturnValue(true);
+  await requestVoteData(VIDEO_A);
+  expect(fetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(`https://api.test/votes?videoId=${VIDEO_A}`, {
+    method: "GET",
+    headers: { Accept: "application/json" },
+    credentials: "omit",
+    cache: "no-store",
+    signal: expect.any(AbortSignal),
+  });
+});
+
 afterAll(() => {
   delete global.fetch;
 });
diff --git a/Extensions/e2e/extension/extension-owned-page-locale.e2e.js b/Extensions/e2e/extension/extension-owned-page-locale.e2e.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..039e9b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/e2e/extension/extension-owned-page-locale.e2e.js
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+const path = require("node:path");
+const { chromium, test, expect } = require("@playwright/test");
+const { VIDEO_A } = require("../../UserScript/e2e/harness");
+const { HermeticExtensionArtifactAdapter, startHermeticApiServer } = require("../hermetic-artifact-smoke");
+
+const EXTENSION_ARTIFACT = path.resolve(
+  process.env.RYD_EXTENSION_ARTIFACT || path.join(__dirname, "../../combined/dist/chrome"),
+);
+
+async function assertSettingsLayout(page, direction, testInfo) {
+  await page.locator("#advancedToggle").click();
+  await expect(page.locator("#advancedSettings")).toHaveCSS("opacity", "1");
+  const layout = await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const rect = (element) => {
+      const { left, right, top, bottom } = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+      return { left, right, top, bottom };
+    };
+    const panel = document.getElementById("advancedSettings");
+    const panelLeft = panel.getBoundingClientRect().left + panel.clientLeft;
+    return {
+      clipLeft: panelLeft,
+      clipRight: panelLeft + panel.clientWidth,
+      toggle: rect(document.getElementById("advancedToggle")),
+      switches: [...panel.querySelectorAll(".switchLabel")].map((label) => ({
+        label: rect(label),
+        slider: rect(label.closest(".switch").querySelector(".slider")),
+      })),
+    };
+  });
+  expect(layout.switches.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  for (const { label, slider } of layout.switches) {
+    if (direction === "rtl") expect(label.right).toBeLessThanOrEqual(slider.left + 0.5);
+    else expect(label.left).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(slider.right - 0.5);
+    expect(label.left).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(layout.clipLeft - 0.5);
+    expect(label.right).toBeLessThanOrEqual(layout.clipRight + 0.5);
+    const toggleOverlapsSlider =
+      layout.toggle.left < slider.right &&
+      layout.toggle.right > slider.left &&
+      layout.toggle.top < slider.bottom &&
+      layout.toggle.bottom > slider.top;
+    expect(toggleOverlapsSlider).toBe(false);
+  }
+  await page.screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath("settings-375.png"), fullPage: true });
+
+  const hoverTips = page.locator(".switch[data-hover], .label-with-hover-tip[data-hover]");
+  expect(await hoverTips.count()).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  for (const host of await hoverTips.all()) {
+    await page.mouse.move(0, 0);
+    await expect
+      .poll(() =>
+        hoverTips.evaluateAll((elements) =>
+          elements.every((element) => getComputedStyle(element, "::before").visibility === "hidden"),
+        ),
+      )
+      .toBe(true);
+    await host.hover();
+    await expect
+      .poll(() => host.evaluate((element) => getComputedStyle(element, "::before").visibility))
+      .toBe("visible");
+    const bounds = await host.evaluate((element) => {
+      const host = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const tip = getComputedStyle(element, "::before");
+      const width =
+        parseFloat(tip.width) +
+        (tip.boxSizing === "border-box"
+          ? 0
+          : parseFloat(tip.paddingLeft) +
+            parseFloat(tip.paddingRight) +
+            parseFloat(tip.borderLeftWidth) +
+            parseFloat(tip.borderRightWidth));
+      const left = tip.left === "auto" ? host.right - parseFloat(tip.right) - width : host.left + parseFloat(tip.left);
+      return { left, right: left + width };
+    });
+    expect(bounds.left).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(layout.clipLeft - 0.5);
+    expect(bounds.right).toBeLessThanOrEqual(layout.clipRight + 0.5);
+  }
+
+  await page.mouse.move(0, 0);
+  await expect
+    .poll(() =>
+      hoverTips.evaluateAll((elements) =>
+        elements.every((element) => getComputedStyle(element, "::before").visibility === "hidden"),
+      ),
+    )
+    .toBe(true);
+  await page.locator("#hide_clutter_buttons_help").hover();
+  const help = page.locator("#hide_clutter_buttons_tooltip");
+  await expect(help).toBeVisible();
+  const helpBounds = await help.boundingBox();
+  expect(helpBounds.x).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(layout.clipLeft - 0.5);
+  expect(helpBounds.x + helpBounds.width).toBeLessThanOrEqual(layout.clipRight + 0.5);
+  await page.screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath("settings-help-375.png"), fullPage: true });
+}
+
+for (const { locale, language, direction } of [
+  { locale: "fa-IR", language: "fa", direction: "rtl" },
+  { locale: "en-US", language: "en", direction: "ltr" },
+]) {
+  test(`built popup and release page follow ${direction} locale metadata for ${locale}`, async ({}, testInfo) => {
+    const apiServer = await startHermeticApiServer();
+    const browserType = {
+      launchPersistentContext: (profile, options) =>
+        chromium.launchPersistentContext(profile, { ...options, args: [...options.args, `--lang=${language}`] }),
+    };
+    const adapter = new HermeticExtensionArtifactAdapter({
+      apiServer,
+      artifactDirectory: EXTENSION_ARTIFACT,
+      browserType,
+      contextOptions: { locale },
+    });
+    try {
+      await adapter.start();
+      await adapter.context.route("https://fonts.googleapis.com/**", (route) =>
+        route.fulfill({ body: "", contentType: "text/css", status: 200 }),
+      );
+      await adapter.context.route("https://fonts.gstatic.com/**", (route) =>
+        route.fulfill({ body: "", contentType: "font/woff2", status: 200 }),
+      );
+      await adapter.context.route("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/**", (route) =>
+        route.fulfill({ body: JSON.stringify({ version: "4.0.5" }), contentType: "application/json", status: 200 }),
+      );
+      expect(await adapter.worker.evaluate(() => chrome.i18n.getMessage("@@bidi_dir"))).toBe(direction);
+      await adapter.openWatch(VIDEO_A);
+      await adapter.waitForWatchResult(VIDEO_A);
+      const hostDirection = await adapter.page.evaluate(() => ({
+        attribute: document.documentElement.dir,
+        computed: getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).direction,
+      }));
+      const page = await adapter.context.newPage();
+      const pageErrors = [];
+      page.on("pageerror", (error) => pageErrors.push(error.message));
+      page.on("console", (message) => {
+        if (message.type() === "error") pageErrors.push(message.text());
+      });
+      for (const [name, url, widths] of [
+        ["popup", "popup.html", [375]],
+        ["release", "changelog/4/changelog_4.1.html", [375, 1280]],
+      ]) {
+        for (const width of widths) {
+          await page.setViewportSize({ width, height: 1000 });
+          await page.goto(`chrome-extension://${adapter.extensionId}/${url}`, { waitUntil: "load" });
+          await expect(page.locator("html")).toHaveAttribute("dir", direction);
+          await expect(page.locator("html")).toHaveCSS("direction", direction);
+          expect(await page.evaluate(() => document.documentElement.innerHTML.includes("__MSG_"))).toBe(false);
+          expect(await page.evaluate(() => document.documentElement.scrollWidth <= innerWidth)).toBe(true);
+          await page.screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath(`${name}-${width}.png`), fullPage: true });
+          if (name === "popup") await assertSettingsLayout(page, direction, testInfo);
+        }
+      }
+      expect(
+        await adapter.page.evaluate(() => ({
+          attribute: document.documentElement.dir,
+          computed: getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).direction,
+        })),
+      ).toEqual(hostDirection);
+      await adapter.assertNoPageSignals(testInfo.title);
+      expect(pageErrors).toEqual([]);
+      expect(adapter.backend.blockedRequests).toEqual([]);
+      expect(apiServer.unexpectedRequests).toEqual([]);
+    } finally {
+      await adapter.close().catch(() => {});
+      await apiServer.close().catch(() => {});
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/Extensions/e2e/extension/extension-premium-analytics-theme.e2e.js b/Extensions/e2e/extension/extension-premium-analytics-theme.e2e.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a367d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Extensions/e2e/extension/extension-premium-analytics-theme.e2e.js
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+const { test, expect } = require("@playwright/test");
+const { VIDEO_A } = require("../../UserScript/e2e/harness");
+const { HermeticExtensionArtifactAdapter, startHermeticApiServer } = require("../hermetic-artifact-smoke");
+
+async function applyTheme(page, dark, nativeTokens) {
+  await page.evaluate(
+    ({ dark, nativeTokens }) => {
+      const root = document.documentElement;
+      root.toggleAttribute("dark", dark);
+      for (const [name, value] of Object.entries({
+        "--yt-spec-base-background": dark ? "#151923" : "#fff8f0",
+        "--yt-spec-text-primary": dark ? "#e4eaff" : "#302010",
+        "--yt-spec-text-secondary": dark ? "#abbbd2" : "#705030",
+      })) {
+        root.style.setProperty(name, nativeTokens ? value : "initial");
+      }
+      document.body.style.backgroundColor = dark ? "#0f0f0f" : "#fff";
+    },
+    { dark, nativeTokens },
+  );
+}
+
+for (const nativeTokens of [false, true]) {
+  test(`premium analytics follows the host theme with native color tokens ${nativeTokens}`, async () => {
+    const apiServer = await startHermeticApiServer();
+    const adapter = new HermeticExtensionArtifactAdapter({
+      apiServer,
+      contextOptions: { colorScheme: "dark" },
+    });
+    let analyticsRequests = 0;
+    const analyticsQueries = [];
+    try {
+      await adapter.start();
+      await adapter.context.addInitScript(() => {
+        if (location.hostname !== "www.youtube.com") return;
+        document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
+          const secondary = document.createElement("aside");
+          secondary.id = "secondary";
+          secondary.style.cssText = "width: 520px; margin: 24px;";
+          const inner = document.createElement("div");
+          inner.id = "secondary-inner";
+          secondary.append(inner);
+          document.body.append(secondary);
+        });
+      });
+      await adapter.context.route(
+        (url) => url.pathname.startsWith("/api/patreon/analytics/video/"),
+        async (route) => {
+          analyticsRequests++;
+          const query = new URL(route.request().url()).searchParams;
+          analyticsQueries.push(Object.fromEntries(query));
+          const selectedStart = query.get("selectedRangeStartUtc") || "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z";
+          const selectedEnd =
+            query.get("selectedRangeEndUtc") ||
+            new Date(Date.parse(selectedStart) + Number(query.get("rangeDays") || 30) * 86400000).toISOString();
+          await route.fulfill({
+            status: 200,
+            contentType: "application/json",
+            headers: { "access-control-allow-origin": "*" },
+            body: JSON.stringify({
+              timeSeries: {
+                bucket: "day",
+                totalRangeStartUtc: "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+                totalRangeEndUtc: "2026-04-01T00:00:00Z",
+                selectedRangeStartUtc: selectedStart,
+                selectedRangeEndUtc: selectedEnd,
+                points: [
+                  { timestampUtc: selectedStart, likes: 10, dislikes: 2 },
+                  { timestampUtc: selectedEnd, likes: 20, dislikes: 3 },
+                ],
+              },
+              geo: { countries: [], subdivisions: [], topLikes: [], topDislikes: [] },
+              summary: { totalLikes: 30, totalDislikes: 5, uniqueIps: 20, countriesRepresented: 0 },
+            }),
+          });
+        },
+      );
+      await adapter.context.route(
+        (url) => url.pathname === "/api/discussion/me",
+        (route) => route.fulfill({ status: 401, contentType: "application/json", body: '{"error":"invalid_session"}' }),
+      );
+      await adapter.worker.evaluate(async () => {
+        await chrome.storage.sync.set({
+          patreonAuthenticated: true,
+          patreonSessionToken: "synthetic-theme-session",
+          patreonUser: { fullName: "Synthetic member", hasActiveMembership: true, membershipTier: "premium" },
+        });
+      });
+      await adapter.openWatch(VIDEO_A);
+      const panel = adapter.page.locator(".ryd-premium-analytics");
+      await expect(panel).toBeVisible();
+      await expect(panel).toHaveAttribute("aria-busy", "false");
+      await expect(panel.locator("canvas").first()).toBeVisible();
+      const controlLayout = () =>
+        panel.evaluate((element) => ({
+          panel: element.getBoundingClientRect().toJSON(),
+          buttons: [...element.querySelectorAll(".ryd-range, .ryd-range-anchor")].map((button) =>
+            button.getBoundingClientRect().toJSON(),
+          ),
+        }));
+      const normalLayout = await controlLayout();
+      await adapter.page.locator("#secondary").evaluate((element) => (element.style.width = "332px"));
+      const narrowLayout = await controlLayout();
+      expect(narrowLayout.panel.width).toBe(332);
+      expect(narrowLayout.buttons).toHaveLength(6);
+      for (const button of narrowLayout.buttons) {
+        expect(button.left).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(narrowLayout.panel.left);
+        expect(button.right).toBeLessThanOrEqual(narrowLayout.panel.right);
+      }
+      await adapter.page.locator("#secondary").evaluate((element) => (element.style.width = "520px"));
+      const restoredLayout = await controlLayout();
+      restoredLayout.buttons.forEach((button, index) => {
+        expect(button.left).toBeCloseTo(normalLayout.buttons[index].left, 1);
+        expect(button.top).toBeCloseTo(normalLayout.buttons[index].top, 1);
+        expect(button.width).toBeCloseTo(normalLayout.buttons[index].width, 1);
+        expect(button.height).toBeCloseTo(normalLayout.buttons[index].height, 1);
+      });
+      for (const dark of [false, true, false]) {
+        const requestsBefore = analyticsRequests;
+        await applyTheme(adapter.page, dark, nativeTokens);
+        const background = nativeTokens
+          ? dark
+            ? "rgb(21, 25, 35)"
+            : "rgb(255, 248, 240)"
+          : dark
+            ? "rgb(32, 32, 32)"
+            : "rgb(255, 255, 255)";
+        const foreground = nativeTokens
+          ? dark
+            ? "rgb(228, 234, 255)"
+            : "rgb(48, 32, 16)"
+          : dark
+            ? "rgb(255, 255, 255)"
+            : "rgb(15, 15, 15)";
+        await expect(panel).toHaveCSS("background-color", background);
+        await expect(panel).toHaveCSS("color", foreground);
+        await expect(panel.locator(".ryd-analytics__totals-value").first()).toHaveCSS("color", foreground);
+        await expect(panel.locator(".ryd-range").first()).toHaveCSS(
+          "color",
+          dark ? (nativeTokens ? "rgb(171, 187, 210)" : "rgb(187, 187, 187)") : "rgb(31, 41, 55)",
+        );
+        await adapter.page.waitForTimeout(500);
+        expect(analyticsRequests).toBe(requestsBefore);
+        for (const chart of ["activity", "lists", "map"]) {
+          const expand = panel.locator(`.ryd-analytics__section-expand[data-chart="${chart}"]`);
+          await expand.click();
+          await expect(panel.locator(`.ryd-analytics__section[data-chart="${chart}"]`)).toHaveCSS(
+            "background-color",
+            background,
+          );
+          await expand.click();
+        }
+      }
+      await adapter.page.locator('.ryd-range[data-range="7"]').click();
+      await expect(adapter.page.locator('.ryd-range[data-range="7"]')).toHaveClass(/is-active/);
+      await expect.poll(() => analyticsRequests).toBeGreaterThan(1);
+      await adapter.page.locator('.ryd-range[data-range="30"]').click();
+      await expect(panel).toHaveAttribute("aria-busy", "false");
+      const chart = await panel.locator("#ryd-analytics-activity").boundingBox();
+      const plotWidth = chart.width - 60;
+      const sliderX = chart.x + 40 + plotWidth / 6;
+      const sliderY = chart.y + chart.height - 29;
+      await adapter.page.mouse.move(sliderX, sliderY);
+      await adapter.page.mouse.down();
+      await adapter.page.mouse.move(sliderX + plotWidth / 6, sliderY, { steps: 10 });
+      await adapter.page.mouse.up();
+      await expect(panel.locator(".ryd-analytics__window-hint")).toHaveText("Custom selection");
+      await expect.poll(() => analyticsQueries.at(-1)).toHaveProperty("selectedRangeStartUtc");
+      await adapter.page.locator('.ryd-range[data-range="30"]').click();
+      await expect(panel.locator('.ryd-range[data-range="30"]')).toHaveClass(/is-active/);
+      await expect(panel.locator(".ryd-analytics__window-hint")).toHaveText("First 30 days");
+      await expect.poll(() => analyticsQueries.at(-1)).toMatchObject({ rangeDays: "30", rangeAnchor: "first" });
+      expect(analyticsQueries.at(-1)).not.toHaveProperty("selectedRangeStartUtc");
+      expect(adapter.backend.blockedRequests).toEqual([]);
+      expect(apiServer.unexpectedRequests).toEqual([]);
+    } finally {
+      await adapter.close();
+      await apiServer.close();
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.js b/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.js
index 168cf39..7349777 100644
--- a/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.js
+++ b/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.js
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ function prepareHermeticExtensionArtifact(sourceDirectory, apiOrigin) {
     "ryd.background.js still contains the production API origin after transformation.",
   );
   const changelogListener =
-    /api\.runtime\.onInstalled\.addListener\(\(details\) => \{\r?\n  maybeShowChangelog\(details\);\r?\n\}\);/g;
+    /api\.runtime\.onInstalled\.addListener\(\(details\) => \{\r?\n  (?:maybeShowChangelog\(details\);|void handleInstallation\(details\);)\r?\n\}\);/g;
   if ((transformedBackground.match(changelogListener) ?? []).length !== 1) {
     removeOwnedTemporaryDirectory(temporaryRoot, "ryd-mv3-e2e-");
     throw new Error("ryd.background.js must have exactly one recognized first-install changelog listener to suppress.");
diff --git a/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.spec.js b/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.spec.js
index 8217def..cfa578f 100644
--- a/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.spec.js
+++ b/Extensions/e2e/hermetic-artifact-smoke.spec.js
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ test("the extension adapter honors the selected artifact even when a scenario us
   }
 });
 
-function createExtensionFixture(lineEnding = "\n") {
+function createExtensionFixture(lineEnding = "\n", installedHandler = "maybeShowChangelog(details);") {
   const directory = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ryd-mv3-source-fixture-"));
   temporaryDirectories.push(directory);
   fs.writeFileSync(
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ function createExtensionFixture(lineEnding = "\n") {
   );
   fs.writeFileSync(
     path.join(directory, "ryd.background.js"),
-    `fetch("${PRODUCTION_API_ORIGIN}/register")\napi.runtime.onInstalled.addListener((details) => {\n  maybeShowChangelog(details);\n});`.replaceAll(
+    `fetch("${PRODUCTION_API_ORIGIN}/register")\napi.runtime.onInstalled.addListener((details) => {\n  ${installedHandler}\n});`.replaceAll(
       "\n",
       lineEnding,
     ),
@@ -381,10 +381,15 @@ test("the routed fake backend records a valid preflight and blocks an unknown on
   ]);
 });
 
-test.each(["\n", "\r\n"])(
-  "redirects MV3 background traffic with %j line endings and preserves routed traffic",
-  (lineEnding) => {
-    const sourceDirectory = createExtensionFixture(lineEnding);
+test.each([
+  ["\n", "maybeShowChangelog(details);"],
+  ["\r\n", "maybeShowChangelog(details);"],
+  ["\n", "void handleInstallation(details);"],
+  ["\r\n", "void handleInstallation(details);"],
+])(
+  "redirects MV3 background traffic with %j line endings and %s while preserving routed traffic",
+  (lineEnding, installedHandler) => {
+    const sourceDirectory = createExtensionFixture(lineEnding, installedHandler);
     const prepared = prepareHermeticExtensionArtifact(sourceDirectory, "http://127.0.0.1:43127");
     temporaryDirectories.push(prepared.temporaryRoot);
 
diff --git a/README_AMO_SOURCE.md b/README_AMO_SOURCE.md
index ce148d1..ee748c3 100644
--- a/README_AMO_SOURCE.md
+++ b/README_AMO_SOURCE.md
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This source package is provided for Mozilla Add-ons review. The extension is bui
 
 ## Build environment
 
-Build the 4.0.6 release with this exact toolchain:
+Build the 4.1.0 release with this exact toolchain:
 
 - Windows 11 (PowerShell); the build script also supports Linux and macOS
 - Node.js 22.17.0
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ The script performs all required technical build steps:
 1. Confirms Node.js 22.17.0 and npm 10.8.2 are in use.
 2. Installs the locked dependencies with `npm ci`.
 3. Builds the extension with the release-specific `npm run build-for-amo` hook.
-4. Verifies the generated Firefox manifest is version 4.0.6, retains the published AMO add-on ID, and declares the expected desktop data-collection permissions and minimum Firefox version.
+4. Verifies the generated Firefox manifest is version 4.1.0, retains the published AMO add-on ID, and declares the expected desktop data-collection permissions and minimum Firefox version.
 5. Verifies `menu-fixer.js` and the other required Firefox files were generated.
 6. Verifies `ryd.content-script.js` is below 5 MB.
 7. Verifies every generated JavaScript file has no source-map reference.