fastfetch/src/detection/gpu/gpu_linux.c

#include "detection/gpu/gpu.h"
#include "common/io.h"
#include "common/FFstrbuf.h"
#include "common/strutil.h"
#include "modules/gpu/option.h"

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdint.h>

static bool pciDetectDriver(FFstrbuf* result, FFstrbuf* pciDir, FFstrbuf* buffer, FF_A_UNUSED const char* drmKey) {
    uint32_t pciDirLength = pciDir->length;
    ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/driver");
    char pathBuf[PATH_MAX];
    ssize_t resultLength = readlink(pciDir->chars, pathBuf, ARRAY_SIZE(pathBuf));
    if (resultLength <= 0) {
        return false;
    }

    const char* slash = memrchr(pathBuf, '/', (size_t) resultLength);
    if (slash) {
        slash++;
        ffStrbufSetNS(result, (uint32_t) (resultLength - (slash - pathBuf)), slash);
    }

    if (ffStrbufEqualS(result, "nvidia")) {
        if (ffReadFileBuffer("/proc/driver/nvidia/version", buffer)) {
            if (ffStrbufContainS(buffer, " Open ")) {
                ffStrbufAppendS(result, " (open source)");
            } else {
                ffStrbufAppendS(result, " (proprietary)");
            }
        }
    }

    if (instance.config.general.detectVersion) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/module/version");
        if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
            ffStrbufTrimRightSpace(buffer);
            ffStrbufAppendC(result, ' ');
            ffStrbufAppend(result, buffer);
        } else if (ffStrbufEqualS(result, "zx")) {
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLength);
            ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/zx_info/driver_version");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
                ffStrbufTrimRightSpace(buffer);
                ffStrbufAppendC(result, ' ');
                ffStrbufAppend(result, buffer);
            }
        }
    }

    return true;
}

FF_A_UNUSED static const char* drmFindRenderFromCard(const char* drmCardKey, FFstrbuf* result) {
    char path[PATH_MAX];
    sprintf(path, "/sys/class/drm/%s/device/drm", drmCardKey);
    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dirp = opendir(path);
    if (!dirp) {
        return "Failed to open `/sys/class/drm/{drmCardKey}/device/drm`";
    }

    struct dirent* entry;
    while ((entry = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
        if (ffStrStartsWith(entry->d_name, "render")) {
            ffStrbufSetS(result, "/dev/dri/");
            ffStrbufAppendS(result, entry->d_name);
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    return "Failed to find render device";
}

static const char* drmDetectAmdSpecific(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFGPUResult* gpu, const char* drmKey, FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    const char* error = drmFindRenderFromCard(drmKey, buffer);
    if (error) {
        return error;
    }
    if (ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "radeon")) {
        return ffDrmDetectRadeon(options, gpu, buffer->chars);
    } else {
        return ffDrmDetectAmdgpu(options, gpu, buffer->chars);
    }
}

static void pciDetectAmdSpecific(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFGPUResult* gpu, FFstrbuf* pciDir, FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    // https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v5.10/gpu/amdgpu.html#mem-info-vis-vram-total
    const uint32_t pciDirLen = pciDir->length;

    ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/hwmon/");
    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dirp = opendir(pciDir->chars);
    if (!dirp) {
        return;
    }

    struct dirent* entry;
    while ((entry = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
        if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') {
            continue;
        }
        break;
    }
    if (!entry) {
        return;
    }
    ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, entry->d_name);
    ffStrbufAppendC(pciDir, '/');

    const uint32_t hwmonLen = pciDir->length;
    uint64_t value = 0;
    if (options->temp) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "temp1_input"); // The on die GPU temperature in millidegrees Celsius
        if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer) && (value = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0))) {
            gpu->temperature = (double) value / 1000;
        }
    }

    if (ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "amdgpu")) // Ancient radeon drivers don't have these files
    {
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, hwmonLen);
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "in1_input"); // Northbridge voltage in millivolts (APUs only)
        if (ffPathExists(pciDir->chars, FF_PATHTYPE_ANY)) {
            gpu->type = FF_GPU_TYPE_INTEGRATED;
        } else {
            gpu->type = FF_GPU_TYPE_DISCRETE;
        }

        if (options->driverSpecific) {
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);
            ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/mem_info_vis_vram_total");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer) && (value = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0))) {
                if (gpu->type == FF_GPU_TYPE_DISCRETE) {
                    gpu->dedicated.total = value;
                } else {
                    gpu->shared.total = value;
                }

                ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDir->length - (uint32_t) strlen("/mem_info_vis_vram_total"));
                ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/mem_info_vis_vram_used");
                if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer) && (value = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0))) {
                    if (gpu->type == FF_GPU_TYPE_DISCRETE) {
                        gpu->dedicated.used = value;
                    } else {
                        gpu->shared.used = value;
                    }
                }
            }

            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);
            ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/gpu_busy_percent");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer) && (value = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0))) {
                gpu->coreUsage = (double) value;
            }
        }
    }
}

static void pciDetectIntelSpecific(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFGPUResult* gpu, FFstrbuf* pciDir, FFstrbuf* buffer, const char* drmKey) {
    // Works for Intel GPUs
    // https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/intel-gfx/patch/1422039866-11572-3-git-send-email-ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com/

    // 0000:00:02.0 is reserved for Intel integrated graphics
    gpu->type = gpu->deviceId == ffGPUPciAddr2Id(0, 0, 2, 0) ? FF_GPU_TYPE_INTEGRATED : FF_GPU_TYPE_DISCRETE;

    if (!drmKey) {
        return;
    }

    const uint32_t pciDirLen = pciDir->length;

    bool isXE = ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "xe");
    if (isXE) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/tile0/gt0/freq0/max_freq");
    } else {
        ffStrbufAppendF(pciDir, "/drm/%s/gt_max_freq_mhz", drmKey);
    }
    if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
        gpu->frequency = (uint32_t) ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0);
    }
    ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);

    if (options->temp) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/hwmon/");
        FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dirp = opendir(pciDir->chars);
        if (dirp) {
            struct dirent* entry;
            while ((entry = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
                if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') {
                    continue;
                }

                ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen + strlen("/hwmon/"));
                ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, entry->d_name);
                // https://github.com/Syllo/nvtop/blob/73291884d926445e499d6b9b71cb7a9bdbc7c393/src/extract_gpuinfo_intel.c#L279-L281
                ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, isXE ? "/temp2_input" : "/temp1_input");

                if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
                    uint64_t value = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0);
                    if (value > 0) {
                        gpu->temperature = (double) value / 1000;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);
    }
}

static const char* drmDetectIntelSpecific(FFGPUResult* gpu, const char* drmKey, FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    ffStrbufSetS(buffer, "/dev/dri/");
    ffStrbufAppendS(buffer, drmKey);
    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_FD int fd = open(buffer->chars, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
    if (fd < 0) {
        return "Failed to open drm device";
    }

    if (ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "xe")) {
        return ffDrmDetectXe(gpu, fd);
    } else if (ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "i915")) {
        return ffDrmDetectI915(gpu, fd);
    }
    return "Unknown Intel GPU driver";
}

static const char* pciDetectTempGeneral(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFGPUResult* gpu, FFstrbuf* pciDir, FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    if (options->temp) {
        const uint32_t pciDirLen = pciDir->length;
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/hwmon/");
        FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dirp = opendir(pciDir->chars);
        if (dirp) {
            struct dirent* entry;
            while ((entry = readdir(dirp))) {
                if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') {
                    continue;
                }
                ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, entry->d_name);
                ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/temp1_input");
                if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
                    uint64_t value = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, 0);
                    if (value > 0) {
                        gpu->temperature = (double) value / 1000.0;
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);
    }
    return NULL;
}

static const char* drmDetectNouveauSpecific(FFGPUResult* gpu, const char* drmKey, FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    ffStrbufSetS(buffer, "/dev/dri/");
    ffStrbufAppendS(buffer, drmKey);
    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_FD int fd = open(buffer->chars, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
    if (fd < 0) {
        return "Failed to open drm device";
    }

    return ffDrmDetectNouveau(gpu, fd);
}

static const char* pciDetectZxSpecific(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFGPUResult* gpu, FFstrbuf* pciDir, FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    gpu->type = FF_GPU_TYPE_INTEGRATED;

    const uint32_t pciDirLen = pciDir->length;
    ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/zx_info/eclk");
    if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
        gpu->frequency = (uint32_t) ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, FF_GPU_FREQUENCY_UNSET);
    }
    ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);

    if (options->driverSpecific) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/zx_info/engine_3d_usage");
        if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
            gpu->coreUsage = ffStrbufToDouble(buffer, FF_GPU_CORE_USAGE_UNSET);
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);

        ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/zx_info/fb_size");
        if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
            gpu->shared.total = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, FF_GPU_VMEM_SIZE_UNSET);
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);

        if (gpu->shared.total != FF_GPU_VMEM_SIZE_UNSET) {
            gpu->shared.total *= 1024 * 1024;

            ffStrbufAppendS(pciDir, "/zx_info/free_fb_mem");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir->chars, buffer)) {
                gpu->shared.used = ffStrbufToUInt(buffer, FF_GPU_VMEM_SIZE_UNSET);
            }
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(pciDir, pciDirLen);

            if (gpu->shared.used != FF_GPU_VMEM_SIZE_UNSET) {
                gpu->shared.used *= 1024 * 1024;
                gpu->shared.used = gpu->shared.total - gpu->shared.used;
            }
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

static inline uint16_t pcieLinkSpeedToGen(const FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    int64_t speed = ffStrbufToSInt(buffer, FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET);
    if (speed >= 64) {
        return 6;
    } else if (speed >= 32) {
        return 5;
    } else if (speed >= 16) {
        return 4;
    } else if (speed >= 8) {
        return 3;
    } else if (speed >= 5) {
        return 2;
    } else if (speed >= 2) { // 2.5
        return 1;
    }
    return FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET;
}

static inline uint16_t pcieWidthToLanes(const FFstrbuf* buffer) {
    int64_t width = ffStrbufToSInt(buffer, FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET);
    if (width > 0 && width < 255) { // kernel returns 255 if the value is unknown
        return (uint16_t) width;
    }
    return FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET;
}

static const char* detectPci(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFlist* gpus, FFstrbuf* buffer, FFstrbuf* deviceDir, const char* drmKey) {
    const uint32_t drmDirPathLength = deviceDir->length;
    uint32_t vendorId, deviceId, subVendorId, subDeviceId;
    uint8_t classId, subclassId;
    if (sscanf(buffer->chars + strlen("pci:"), "v%8" SCNx32 "d%8" SCNx32 "sv%8" SCNx32 "sd%8" SCNx32 "bc%2" SCNx8 "sc%2" SCNx8, &vendorId, &deviceId, &subVendorId, &subDeviceId, &classId, &subclassId) != 6) {
        return "Failed to parse pci modalias";
    }

    if (classId != 0x03 /*PCI_BASE_CLASS_DISPLAY*/) {
        return "Not a GPU device";
    }

    char pciPath[PATH_MAX];
    const char* pPciPath = NULL;
    if (drmKey) {
        ssize_t pathLength = readlink(deviceDir->chars, pciPath, ARRAY_SIZE(pciPath) - 1);
        if (pathLength <= 0) {
            return "Unable to get PCI device path";
        }
        pciPath[pathLength] = '\0';
        pPciPath = strrchr(pciPath, '/');
        if (__builtin_expect(pPciPath != NULL, true)) {
            pPciPath++;
        } else {
            pPciPath = pciPath;
        }
    } else {
        pPciPath = memrchr(deviceDir->chars, '/', deviceDir->length);
        assert(pPciPath);
        pPciPath++;
    }

    uint32_t pciDomain, pciBus, pciDevice, pciFunc;
    if (sscanf(pPciPath, "%" SCNx32 ":%" SCNx32 ":%" SCNx32 ".%" SCNx32, &pciDomain, &pciBus, &pciDevice, &pciFunc) != 4) {
        return "Invalid PCI device path";
    }

    if (pciFunc > 0 && subclassId == 0x80 /*PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER*/) {
        return "Likely an auxiliary display controller"; // #2034
    }

    FFGPUResult* gpu = FF_LIST_ADD(FFGPUResult, *gpus);
    ffStrbufInitStatic(&gpu->vendor, ffGPUGetVendorString((uint16_t) vendorId));
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->name);
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->driver);
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->platformApi);
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->memoryType);
    gpu->index = FF_GPU_INDEX_UNSET;
    gpu->temperature = FF_GPU_TEMP_UNSET;
    gpu->coreUsage = FF_GPU_CORE_USAGE_UNSET;
    gpu->coreCount = FF_GPU_CORE_COUNT_UNSET;
    gpu->type = FF_GPU_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
    gpu->dedicated.total = gpu->dedicated.used = gpu->shared.total = gpu->shared.used = FF_GPU_VMEM_SIZE_UNSET;
    gpu->deviceId = ffGPUPciAddr2Id(pciDomain, pciBus, pciDevice, pciFunc);
    gpu->frequency = FF_GPU_FREQUENCY_UNSET;
    gpu->pcieSpeed = FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET;

    char drmKeyBuffer[8];
    if (!drmKey) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(deviceDir, "/drm");
        FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dirp = opendir(deviceDir->chars);
        if (dirp) {
            struct dirent* entry;
            while ((entry = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
                if (ffStrStartsWith(entry->d_name, "card")) {
                    ffStrCopy(drmKeyBuffer, entry->d_name, ARRAY_SIZE(drmKeyBuffer));
                    drmKey = drmKeyBuffer;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);
    }

    if (drmKey) {
        ffStrbufSetF(&gpu->platformApi, "DRM (%s)", drmKey);
    }

    pciDetectDriver(&gpu->driver, deviceDir, buffer, drmKey);
    ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);

    if (gpu->vendor.chars == FF_GPU_VENDOR_NAME_AMD) {
        bool ok = false;
        if (drmKey && options->driverSpecific) {
            ok = drmDetectAmdSpecific(options, gpu, drmKey, buffer) == NULL;
        }

        if (!ok) {
            pciDetectAmdSpecific(options, gpu, deviceDir, buffer);
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);

            ffStrbufAppendS(deviceDir, "/revision");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(deviceDir->chars, buffer)) {
                char* pend;
                uint64_t revision = strtoul(buffer->chars, &pend, 16);
                if (pend != buffer->chars) {
                    ffGPUQueryAmdGpuName((uint16_t) deviceId, (uint8_t) revision, gpu);
                }
            }
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);
        }
    } else if (gpu->vendor.chars == FF_GPU_VENDOR_NAME_INTEL) {
        pciDetectIntelSpecific(options, gpu, deviceDir, buffer, drmKey);
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);
        if (options->driverSpecific && drmKey) {
            drmDetectIntelSpecific(gpu, drmKey, buffer);
        }
    } else if (gpu->vendor.chars == FF_GPU_VENDOR_NAME_NVIDIA && ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "nouveau")) {
        pciDetectTempGeneral(options, gpu, deviceDir, buffer);
        if (options->driverSpecific && drmKey) {
            drmDetectNouveauSpecific(gpu, drmKey, buffer);
        }
    } else if (gpu->vendor.chars == FF_GPU_VENDOR_NAME_ZHAOXIN && ffStrbufStartsWithS(&gpu->driver, "zx")) {
        pciDetectTempGeneral(options, gpu, deviceDir, buffer);
        pciDetectZxSpecific(options, gpu, deviceDir, buffer);
    } else {
        ffGPUDetectDriverSpecific(options, gpu, (FFGpuDriverPciBusId){
                                                    .domain = pciDomain,
                                                    .bus = pciBus,
                                                    .device = pciDevice,
                                                    .func = pciFunc,
                                                });
    }

    if (gpu->name.length == 0) {
        ffGPUFillVendorAndName(subclassId, (uint16_t) vendorId, (uint16_t) deviceId, gpu);
    }

    ffGPUFillVendorByDeviceName(gpu);

    if (options->driverSpecific && gpu->pcieSpeed == FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET) {
        ffStrbufAppendS(deviceDir, "/max_link_speed");
        if (ffReadFileBuffer(deviceDir->chars, buffer)) {
            gpu->psMax.gen = pcieLinkSpeedToGen(buffer);
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);

        if (gpu->psMax.gen != FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET) {
            ffStrbufAppendS(deviceDir, "/max_link_width");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(deviceDir->chars, buffer)) {
                gpu->psMax.lanes = pcieWidthToLanes(buffer);
            }
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);
        }

        ffStrbufAppendS(deviceDir, "/current_link_speed");
        if (ffReadFileBuffer(deviceDir->chars, buffer)) {
            gpu->psCurr.gen = pcieLinkSpeedToGen(buffer);
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);

        if (gpu->psCurr.gen != FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET) {
            ffStrbufAppendS(deviceDir, "/current_link_width");
            if (ffReadFileBuffer(deviceDir->chars, buffer)) {
                gpu->psCurr.lanes = pcieWidthToLanes(buffer);
            }
            ffStrbufSubstrBefore(deviceDir, drmDirPathLength);
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

#if __aarch64__
    #include "detection/cpu/cpu.h"

FF_A_UNUSED static const char* drmDetectAsahiSpecific(FFGPUResult* gpu, const char* name, FF_A_UNUSED FFstrbuf* buffer, FF_A_UNUSED const char* drmKey) {
    if (sscanf(name, "agx-t%lu", &gpu->deviceId) == 1) {
        ffStrbufSetStatic(&gpu->name, ffCPUAppleCodeToName((uint32_t) gpu->deviceId));
    }
    ffStrbufSetStatic(&gpu->vendor, FF_GPU_VENDOR_NAME_APPLE);

    ffStrbufSetS(buffer, "/dev/dri/");
    ffStrbufAppendS(buffer, drmKey);
    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_FD int fd = open(buffer->chars, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
    if (fd >= 0) {
        return ffDrmDetectAsahi(gpu, fd);
    }

    return NULL;
}
#endif

static const char* detectOf(FFlist* gpus, FFstrbuf* buffer, FFstrbuf* drmDir, const char* drmKey) {
    char compatible[256]; // vendor,model-name
    if (sscanf(buffer->chars + strlen("of:"), "NgpuT%*[^C]C%255[^C]", compatible) != 1) {
        return "Failed to parse of modalias or not a GPU device";
    }

    char* name = strchr(compatible, ',');
    if (name) {
        *name = '\0';
        ++name;
    }

    FFGPUResult* gpu = FF_LIST_ADD(FFGPUResult, *gpus);
    gpu->index = FF_GPU_INDEX_UNSET;
    gpu->deviceId = 0;
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->name);
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->vendor);
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->driver);
    ffStrbufInit(&gpu->memoryType);
    ffStrbufInitF(&gpu->platformApi, "DRM (%s)", drmKey);
    gpu->temperature = FF_GPU_TEMP_UNSET;
    gpu->coreCount = FF_GPU_CORE_COUNT_UNSET;
    gpu->coreUsage = FF_GPU_CORE_USAGE_UNSET;
    gpu->type = FF_GPU_TYPE_INTEGRATED;
    gpu->dedicated.total = gpu->dedicated.used = gpu->shared.total = gpu->shared.used = FF_GPU_VMEM_SIZE_UNSET;
    gpu->frequency = FF_GPU_FREQUENCY_UNSET;
    gpu->pcieSpeed = FF_GPU_PCIE_SPEED_UNSET;

    pciDetectDriver(&gpu->driver, drmDir, buffer, drmKey);

#ifdef __aarch64__
    if (ffStrbufEqualS(&gpu->driver, "asahi")) {
        drmDetectAsahiSpecific(gpu, name, buffer, drmKey);
    }
#endif

    if (!gpu->name.length) {
        ffStrbufSetS(&gpu->name, name ?: compatible);
        ffStrbufTrimRightSpace(&gpu->name);
    }
    if (!gpu->vendor.length && name) {
        if (ffStrEquals(compatible, "brcm")) {
            ffStrbufSetStatic(&gpu->vendor, "Broadcom"); // Raspberry Pi
        } else {
            ffStrbufSetS(&gpu->vendor, compatible);
            gpu->vendor.chars[0] = (char) toupper(compatible[0]);
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

static const char* drmDetectGPUs(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFlist* gpus) {
    FF_STRBUF_AUTO_DESTROY drmDir = ffStrbufCreateA(64);
    ffStrbufAppendS(&drmDir, "/sys/class/drm/");
    const uint32_t drmDirLength = drmDir.length;

    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dir = opendir(drmDir.chars);
    if (dir == NULL) {
        return "Failed to open `/sys/class/drm/`";
    }

    FF_STRBUF_AUTO_DESTROY buffer = ffStrbufCreate();

    struct dirent* entry;
    while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
        if (!ffStrStartsWith(entry->d_name, "card") ||
            strchr(entry->d_name + 4, '-') != NULL) {
            continue;
        }

        ffStrbufAppendS(&drmDir, entry->d_name);

        ffStrbufAppendS(&drmDir, "/device/modalias");
        if (!ffReadFileBuffer(drmDir.chars, &buffer)) {
            continue;
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(&drmDir, drmDir.length - (uint32_t) strlen("/modalias"));

        if (ffStrbufStartsWithS(&buffer, "pci:")) {
            detectPci(options, gpus, &buffer, &drmDir, entry->d_name);
        } else if (ffStrbufStartsWithS(&buffer, "of:")) { // Open Firmware
            detectOf(gpus, &buffer, &drmDir, entry->d_name);
        }

        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(&drmDir, drmDirLength);
    }

    return NULL;
}

static const char* pciDetectGPUs(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFlist* gpus) {
    // https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-pci
    const char* pciDirPath = "/sys/bus/pci/devices/";

    FF_AUTO_CLOSE_DIR DIR* dirp = opendir(pciDirPath);
    if (dirp == NULL) {
        return "Failed to open `/sys/bus/pci/devices/`";
    }

    FF_STRBUF_AUTO_DESTROY pciDir = ffStrbufCreateA(64);
    ffStrbufAppendS(&pciDir, pciDirPath);

    const uint32_t pciBaseDirLength = pciDir.length;

    FF_STRBUF_AUTO_DESTROY buffer = ffStrbufCreate();

    struct dirent* entry;
    while ((entry = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
        if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') {
            continue;
        }

        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(&pciDir, pciBaseDirLength);
        ffStrbufAppendS(&pciDir, entry->d_name);
        const uint32_t pciDevDirLength = pciDir.length;

        ffStrbufAppendS(&pciDir, "/modalias");
        if (!ffReadFileBuffer(pciDir.chars, &buffer)) {
            continue;
        }
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(&pciDir, pciDevDirLength);
        assert(ffStrbufStartsWithS(&buffer, "pci:"));

        detectPci(options, gpus, &buffer, &pciDir, NULL);
        ffStrbufSubstrBefore(&pciDir, pciBaseDirLength);
    }

    return NULL;
}

const char* ffDetectGPUImpl(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFlist* gpus) {
#if __x86_64__ || __aarch64__
    const char* ffGPUDetectWsl2(const FFGPUOptions* options, FFlist* gpus);
    if (ffGPUDetectWsl2(options, gpus) == NULL) {
        return NULL;
    }
#endif

    if (options->detectionMethod == FF_GPU_DETECTION_METHOD_AUTO) {
        if (drmDetectGPUs(options, gpus) == NULL && gpus->length > 0) {
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    return pciDetectGPUs(options, gpus);
}